Why are the big toes crooked?

This can be recognized by the following symptoms: The fifth metatarsal protrudes outwards, while the little toe tilts inwards. A painful bump forms at the base of the big toe.

Causes of joint deformations in fingers and toes

The first and most important cause of the disease is a genetic predisposition. It is not the disease itself that is inherited, but rather metabolic characteristics, bone structure and cartilage density. Diabetes mellitus, endocrine disorders, trauma and increased pressure on the finger and toe joints, excess body weight, unbalanced diet, alcohol abuse and intoxication, hypothermia, viral infections, etc. can also be causes.

Treatment of finger deformities requires long-term treatment. First of all, the affected joints should be relieved: strain your hands as much as possible, do not lift heavy objects and do not make jerky movements with your hands. Pain relievers and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to reduce pain and inflammation. Chondroprotectors – drugs that act directly on the reconstruction of bone and cartilage parts – are also used. In order to achieve the desired effect, the drugs of this group must be taken for a long period of time - at least three months.

Physiotherapeutic methods These treatments relieve stiffness, inflammation, and pain, and help maintain wrist function. These include heating (including ultraviolet, laser and infrared radiation), ultrasound, electrophoresis, magnetic therapy and phonophoresis.

If drug therapy is ineffective, surgical treatment is recommended, in which the affected joints are partially or completely replaced.

Treatment of toe deformities

Treatment of toe deformities also requires long-term treatment. Painkillers and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed to relieve pain. With severe inflammation and pain in the toe joints, corticosteroid injections are prescribed. Treatment also includes physical therapy and physiotherapy.

In addition to conservative treatment, it is important to take steps to prevent blisters and sores. The footwear should be changed to larger shoes. Special orthopedic shoes or special insoles are required. Shoes should be heelless and have a wide toe box.

When conservative treatment is ineffective, surgical treatment is recommended, which includes surgery of the soft tissues and bone structures.

The family clinic offers effective and gentle treatments for toe joint deformities. Our specialists use modern technology and special designs for surgical interventions that achieve good results and restore mobility to your joints.

Make an appointment with an orthopedic trauma surgeon

Be sure to make an appointment with a qualified orthopedist at the Family Medicine Clinic.

The different stages of the disease

In the first, mild stage of the disease, there is redness, swelling and pain in the affected area, and the joint of the thumb begins to protrude and move towards the other fingers. With the moderately severe deformity, the thumb deforms significantly, the joint structures shrink and bony outgrowths form. In the final stage, the deformation is so severe that surgical An operation is required. The thumb deviates so much that it covers the other fingers and the joint protrudes into the space on the other side. Walking with this ugliness is very difficult, sometimes even impossible.

According to individual needs, 100 kinds of operations can be performed. Corrective osteotomy of the metatarsal and surgery is most commonly performed in patients who do not have underlying joint disease joints. In elderly patients and patients with osteoarthritis resective plastic surgery is the safest option surgerywhere part of the thumb cage is removed. The inability to work is between three weeks and three months, depending on the severity of the illness and the extent of the operation.

The bad news is that after surgery the problem may worsen and return. Therefore, supportive measures should be taken to delay relapse. It is recommended to wear bandages and orthopedic insoles, go barefoot, wear orthotics and avoid unsuitable footwear. A crooked big toe is not the only problem that can crop up again and again. There are other equally annoying problems that aren't really worth it.

Crooked toe and other foot disorders

A crooked toe often occurs in combination with other foot deformities, such as: B. the hammer toe (digitus malleus) and the most common orthopedic problem, the flat foot. Toe deformities, varus and big toe are also very common.

The care of feet. The foot develops around the age of 10, but severe deformation usually occurs later. For girls e.g. B. flat feet occur when wearing heels.

Causes of crooked toes

Toe curvature is often associated with certain diseases:

The main causes that contribute to the development of a hammer toe are:

• Inherited predisposition to foot deformity;
• weight gain (obesity);
• Joint diseases (arthritis, arthrosis);
• Diabetes;
• psoriasis
• Sclerosis;
• The second toe is significantly longer than the big toe;
• An unusually high arch of the foot;
• Improperly fitted footwear.

Types of hammer toe deformity

• Non-permanent deformation: The joint can be straightened manually, but will return to a curved shape at rest.
• Fixed deformation: the joint cannot be straightened by hand.

Orthopedists also distinguish between different types of finger deformities:

• Hammer toe – curvature at the proximal interphalangeal joint;
• Claw shaped – deformation of the proximal interphalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints.

Prevention of toe diseases

In each of the above cases, the doctors of our clinic point out that the best way to prevent toe diseases is to choose and wear the right shoes. Above all, they should be comfortable! Shoes should not pinch or pinch toes. High-heeled pumps with a pointed toe are certainly beautiful. However, you should not only think about beauty, but also about your health.

Such shoes are not suitable for constant daily wear. Choose them only when needed for special occasions. In addition, shoes must be selected strictly by size. Otherwise, sooner or later, toe diseases will appear in your life. Stay healthy!

Treatment of big toe deformity

Severe inflammation of the skin sac in the big toe may require surgical drainage, but the use of a splint or special insoles can also provide relief in this area. Supinators are available in many pharmacies, but it is best to consult an orthopedist and either order special shoes adapted to the structure of the foot, or have a therapeutic supinator made to wear until the inflammation subsides.

In particularly severe cases, surgery is required to correct the deformity, remove excess bone, and in some patients, implant a new joint. The operation is performed under local anesthesia, is quite painful and can take up to six months to recover. During the recovery period, the operated area must be protected with special orthopedic bandages, cast, splints or special orthopedic shoes.

Prevention of big toe misalignments

Because deformities of the big toe caused by joint weakness are genetic to some extent, there is no way to prevent them. However, if a woman has reason to believe that she is prone to this pathology, she can reduce her risk of developing this disease with a few simple measures, taken from an early age.

The surest way to avoid a deformed big toe is to wear relatively sturdy shoes with a medium heel.

If you walk or stand for a long time, it makes sense to wear special sports shoes.

'Clubfoot Deformity' and other Articles from Joint Diseases

What is clinodactyly? Causes, diagnosis and treatment of clinodactyly in children

Clinodactyly is an abnormally bent or curved toe, usually caused by abnormal development of the small bones of that toe. It can also be caused by an abnormally shaped growth plate of the hand, or the bones can grow in an abnormal direction. Diagnosis involves visual examination, and treatment in severe cases may require surgery.

According to Boston Children's Hospital, the condition affects approximately 10 %s in the general population, with varying degrees of severity.

diagnosis

A physical examination of the affected hand helps determine the degree of curvature of the finger and how it affects function. The doctor may recommend imaging tests, such as x-rays, to better see the bones of the finger and hand. Range of motion tests can also be done to understand how the curvature affects function and how best to help your child.

Sometimes clinodactyly does not require immediate treatment, particularly when the finger is only slightly curved or there are no functional difficulties. Doctors may recommend constant monitoring of the hand and finger to make sure the situation isn't getting worse.

If the curvature of the finger is more than 30 degrees, treatment may be strongly recommended. Treatment is usually most effective when the child is very young because the bones are not fully developed.

If surgery is deemed necessary, part of the curved portion of the bone is removed to straighten the finger. The tendons and soft tissues can be loosened or operated on to relieve the finger and joint and ensure future stability. The finger is then fixed with pins or screws to keep the bones straight.

Once everything is stabilized, the finger is immobilized with a cast or splint. Depending on the severity of the curvature and the extent of the surgery, recovery will proceed accordingly.

Once any bandages or casts are removed, the doctor may suggest collaborating with a physiotherapist specialized in hand mobility. He or she will help your child regain full range of motion or learn to adjust to the new range of motion or function.

surgery

Overall, the prospects for recovery in children with clinodactyly are good. With appropriate treatment, the finger can be straightened and mobility restored.

Researchers at the PFUR's Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics insist that prior to surgery to correct clinodactyly, angiography is performed to determine how the blood vessels run inside the hand and finger.

However, if surgery is deemed necessary, the operation involves removing part of the curved part of the bone in order to straighten the finger. The tendons and soft tissues can be loosened or operated on to relieve the finger and joint and ensure its stability in the future.

The finger is then fixed with pins or screws to keep the bones straight. The finger is stabilized when the surgeon is certain that all of the bones and tissues are properly aligned and in place. The doctor will also examine the other fingers and hand to make sure the affected finger looks natural.

Once everything is stabilized, the finger is fixed with a cast or splint. Your child will have several follow-up visits, and recovery will depend on the severity of the bend and the progress of the procedure. Time to return to daily activities may vary and you should consult your doctor.

Once any bandages or casts are removed, the doctor may suggest working with a physical therapist, podiatrist, or pediatric massage therapist who specializes in shoulder mobility to restore full range of motion or learn to adjust to new range of motion and function .

Exercise and massage at home are certainly necessary, but when and in what form depends on the child and is recommended by the doctor. Finger plays can be part of a rehabilitation program or nonsurgical correction of clinodactyly. Read 'Fingerplays for ages zero to 7: how to do finger exercises.

How do you recognize an ingrown toe?

The first thing to note is that often only one nail plate is ingrown, mostly on the big toe. At the beginning of the disease, the nail grows into the skin, after which the skin becomes red and inflamed and painful when walking. If you think the problem will go away on its own and do nothing, the nail will grow deeper. The pain does not go away even when the patient rests. If you press on the nail for any reason, the pain intensifies. In advanced cases, the redness turns blue, blood and pus come out. At the same time, the affected person noticeably loses mobility.

Causes of an ingrown toenail

At first it may seem like an ingrown nail is a punishment for all your past sins. But in fact everything is a bit more banal. Doctors have long analyzed everything and identified up to four factors that cause ingrown nails:

1. Improperly performed pedicure. The most important factors are cutting the corner of the nail, as well as carefully leaving burrs and sharp edges of the nail. There is a good chance that after such a seemingly trivial thing, the nail will grow into the skin. To avoid this, you should not round the edges of your nails, nor should you cut them very short.
2. Uncomfortable and constricting shoes are another factor that causes the big toenail to grow into the skin. Remember that well-fitting shoes are not only comfortable, they are also excellent prevention of ingrown toenails (onychocryptosis).
3. Toe injuries and wounds. The more severe and frequent they are, the greater the risk that the nail will grow into the skin of the toe. In this case, one can only advise to be as careful and attentive as possible. Well, and if the injury could not be avoided, and the first symptoms of an ingrown big toenail appeared, do not hesitate to make an appointment with a specialist.
4. fungal diseases. When these diseases develop, the nails can often become deformed and flake off. This can sometimes cause the nails to grow into the skin on the feet. Such an unpleasant disease can be caught, for example, on a sun lounger or in the swimming pool. A good preventative measure is to treat your feet with antifungal medication. Yes, even if you don't visit public saunas, showers, etc.

Treatment of an ingrown toenail

But what to do with an ingrown toenail if the preventive measures have not helped? For this case, the doctors have prepared up to five methods of treatment.

1. Gentle treatment: lotions and baths with antiseptics. Typically, strips of cotton or gauze are placed between the nail bed and the nail itself. However, these treatments are not very effective and are mostly carried out in the initial phase of treatment. And a relapse is not excluded: it often happens that after the treatment the nail grows back into the toe.
2. orthopedic treatment. Special devices (special plates or staples) are placed on the abnormally growing nail to help guide the nail's growth in the right direction. The clamp lifts the nail and separates it from the shaft. In this way, the growth of the nail is guided in the natural direction.
   In most cases, these plates and brackets are custom made for each patient. On average, the treatment lasts about three months. During this time, the plate should be replaced about once a month. The nails often grow back into the skin after the staples are removed.
3. surgical intervention. Surgical removal is performed under local anesthesia: using a scalpel, the surgeon removes part of the nail plate (if the patient was patient and careless, the entire nail is removed). Sometimes part of the shaft is also removed to prevent regrowth. This doesn't always help, however, because in about half the cases, the nail grows back into the side of the toe. Rehabilitation after the procedure can take up to three weeks. During this period, antiseptic treatment of the skin and regular dressings are required.
4. Ingrown toenail laser removal. This procedure is also performed under local anesthesia. This procedure uses a Lancet' carbon dioxide laser, which the doctor uses to create a small indentation in the problem area. This indentation exposes the nail plate without disturbing the surrounding tissue. Bonus: After laser treatment, the risk of recurrence (recurrence of the ingrown nail) is minimal.

surgical methods

• laser cautery
  This treatment is usually used when the nail has grown in at the level of the cuticle. It is a high-tech process that allows for permanent elimination. A laser beam is used to burn away part of the problem nail and growth cells, removing granulation and inflammatory tissue.

How to behave after the operation

Resection is a fairly large operation that requires a long recovery time. The treated area will initially be painful. Complete healing occurs within a month and requires control all the time: the nail bed must be protected from infection as much as possible. The following measures are also applied:

• For three to five days, the operated area is treated with antiseptics such as hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine, antibacterial ointments (Gentaxan, Levomecol, etc.) are used, and the finger is bandaged with sterile materials. At a later stage, the finger should be bandaged every other day.
• In the first few days it is advisable not to step on your foot at all, after that you should take it easy and avoid strain.
• If the symptoms are very severe, painkillers can be taken.
• The shoes should only be wide enough so that the materials do not come into contact with the painful toe.

State-of-the-art, non-surgical and safe methods

This is the best solution as it is carried out under the guidance of specialists using the most modern equipment. She is fast and safe.

Podofix
Podofix — It is a non-surgical method of treating ingrown nails developed by German specialists. During the treatment, small staples are inserted into the nail, which can be coated with nail polish. They are practically invisible, do not cause discomfort and do not require abandoning an active lifestyle. These glue-based staples are also indicated for calluses, hypergranulation, nail frizz and for cosmetic purposes.
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• combination ped
  Combined technique, the design combines Podofix plates and ZTO brackets (metal orthosis and self-adhesive plastic pad). Easy to apply, straighten nail, relieve pain.
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