What kind of doctor deals with posture

Poor posture can occur in children as young as 1-2 years old. This is because parents often carry their children on their hips and do not properly support their backs. When parents try to get their child to stand up too early, or to get them up before the spine is firm and mature, abnormalities can occur. There is also a certain danger from constantly sitting and lying down at the computer. Postural defects in preschoolers in this case develop quite quickly. As early as first or second grade, these students are sitting incorrectly, making the situation worse.

Excessive exposure in children

Poor posture is a deformity of the spine, which can be curved in the frontal (back-to-front) or sagittal (side-to-side) plane.

Postural disorders are treated by a pediatrician, a pediatric neurologist, a spine surgeon, a massage therapist, a chiropractor, and a physical therapist, depending on the predominant symptoms. The best effect is achieved with a comprehensive approach.

The frequency of spinal deformities increases with age. While the disorder can be found in 17 % children in preschool children, the prevalence in middle school is already over 30 % and in high school over 65 %.

The posture disorder itself is not life or health threatening. With appropriate treatment, the anatomy of the spine can be restored. However, postural defects reduce the mobility of the chest and diaphragm, which is a prerequisite for many diseases.

Poor posture reduces the spine's cushioning capacity, which affects many organs. The spine is the bony skeleton to which the various structures of the human body are 'anchored', and any change in anatomy inevitably affects health.

Poor posture is the first step to scoliosis, herniated discs and other spinal diseases.

types of malpractice

Child traumatologists distinguish the following deformities in the sagittal plane:

• flat back – flattening of all physiological curves;
• flat back – increase in lumbar curvature, smoothing of cervical curvature, kyphosis in the cervical spine (curvature of the spine in anteroposterior direction);
• slouching – enlargement of thoracic kyphosis, smoothing of lumbar curvature;
• Hunched back (kyphotic posture) - thoracic kyphosis increased, lumbar flexion almost non-existent;
• Round back (kyfolordotic posture) – cervical and lumbar curvature greatly increased.

The deformation in the frontal plane is a scoliotic posture or a lateral curvature. This disorder differs from true scoliosis in that all curves are in one line when lying down.

With regard to the degree of severity, the following levels are distinguished:

• The deformity is small, the child can correct it himself with focused attention;
• the deformation is large, but straightens when lying down or when lifting in the armpit;
• the deformation persists in the supine position and during lifting.

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Advice before visiting the orthopedist

An orthopedist diagnoses, prevents, and treats congenital and acquired deformities of the musculoskeletal system, including those resulting from trauma. There are orthopedists for children and adults. In children, an orthopedic examination is recommended for preventive purposes: at the age of 1, 3 and 9 months, and annually thereafter.

No special preparations are required for the orthopedic examination. You should shower hygienically and wear clothes that you can easily remove during the examination. It is very important that you bring any scans and tomograms you have already taken with you.

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causes

There are many factors that can trigger this disease. However, experts point out that the main cause of scoliosis is incorrect posture at the desk. This is why the proportion of school-age children among those affected is so high. In addition, the disease can occur, for example, against the background of congenital anomalies of the spine:

Another common cause of scoliosis is unequal leg length. Certain inflammatory processes that develop in the muscles can also trigger the disease. Scoliosis is often associated with bone diseases such as sciatica, osteochondrosis, osteoporosis or intervertebral fractures.

Which doctor treats scoliosis?

Few people are able to cope with the condition on their own without complications. With scoliosis symptoms, it is urgent to seek help from specialists. It is about the treatment and diagnosis of spinal curvature:

Which doctor should be consulted?

If there are any signs of abnormal posture, it is necessary to seek immediate medical attention. The following specialists can help with these problems:

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During the first visit, the specialist examines the patient. At this point he can already determine whether a spinal curvature is present. In order to get more detailed information, the doctor will question the patient. The person is asked the following questions:

1. How long has the posture problem existed?
2. Are there any other bothersome symptoms?
3. Has the patient suffered any spinal injuries?
4. Do you have a chronic illness?
5. Does the person lead an active or sedentary lifestyle?
6. Has the problem started before?

The data obtained from the questionnaire will help the specialist to quickly find the cause of the problem. In addition, this information is used to develop an effective treatment program. The therapies are developed individually for each patient by the specialists. The patient's chronic health problems, age and the complexity of the problem are taken into account.

fees

Children are also often referred to osteopaths and vertebrologists. They examine the child's condition and analyze how postural disorders affect organs and systems. During the visit, parents and children are usually asked the following questions:

1. At what age or months did the child start walking?
2. How much time does the child of preschool or school age spend in front of the computer? What kind of job does the child have?
3. How often does the child complain of pain in the back, buttocks, sacrum, neck?
4. Is it difficult for him to do certain exercises in physical education at school?
5. Is the child able to maintain the same correct posture for 20-30 minutes?
6. Is the place where the child does their homework and plays well lit?
7. How often do you exercise in the morning? Do you exercise during the day?

Based on the answers, exercise can be recommended to children with poor posture and further action can be taken. For example, many are referred to a massage course. In severe cases, special treatment is required. It is then necessary to purchase special products for correcting the spine. It's also a good idea to carry books on your head for exercise and walk in a way that keeps your back as straight as possible. If the scoliosis does not progress, the spine can stabilize at the age of puberty.

Treatment of postural defects in school-age children

Spinal problems require a follow-up examination. The orthopedist must determine what measures are effective in correcting the problem. Treatment methods depend on the type of impairment:

• Traction, massage and special exercises under medical supervision are indicated for progressive forms.
• Corrective exercises can help with first-degree scoliosis.
• Outpatient treatment can help if the abnormality stops developing.
• If there is a misalignment of the spinal axis, physical training is recommended.
• With a rounded back and severe bending, children are referred to special exercises that should be performed 3-5 times a week.

Preventive measures should also be considered. To avoid severe spinal deformities and speed up the healing process, you should:

• Provide a firm mattress for your bed;
• maintain a strict daily routine;
• strengthen your back muscles;
• attend a massage class;
• Avoid carrying backpacks;
• Watch your posture in class;
• Don't cross one leg over the other.

If you follow your doctor's recommendations and get physical therapy, postural problems can be corrected in a matter of weeks or months. However, it is important to remember that the problems can return. To prevent this, it is important to pay attention to small details: the posture of the body, head, feet on the floor, etc. According to statistics, it is children who are most likely to recover.

Causes of back pain

Back pain can be caused by a variety of causes. Only an experienced doctor, based on the examination of the patient and the results of laboratory and instrumental tests ordered by him, can make a correct diagnosis and prescribe an effective treatment.

• Neurological diseases:
  • Osteochondrosis of the spine (degenerative damage to the intervertebral discs);
  • spondyloarthritis (degenerative changes in the intervertebral joints);
  • spondylosis (deformation of the vertebrae from bony growths);
  • herniated discs;

  With such a variety of possible causes, one wonders which doctor to contact if one has back pain. But that shouldn't stop you from seeking the help of professional medicine.

  Factors that contribute to back pain

  Without proper treatment, back pain is more likely to return, with relatively brief periods of well-being being followed by a return of pain. This can trigger a worsening of the condition:

  To reduce the risk of diseases that can trigger back pain, general practitioners recommend.

  • Sleep in a comfortable bed with a firm and firm mattress;
  • trying to maintain correct posture
  • not staying in one position for a long time. When you work on your computer or drive, take breaks to stretch, stretch, and move;
  • If you work sedentarily, set up your workspace properly. Your chair should have a backrest, preferably with armrests and a headrest, so you can lean back and relax your back and neck muscles. The forearms should not be in the air, but should be fully supported on the table;
  • Do not wear high-heeled shoes for more than two consecutive hours;
  • Avoid sudden twists and turns of the body. If you need to pick something up off the floor, sit down instead of bending down;
  • When standing for a long time (on public transport or waiting in a public place), find a support (put your hand on something or lean back);
  • Avoid being overweight;
  • avoid lifting heavy things;
  • do physical therapy, swimming or fitness classes.

  Why is good posture important?

  Good posture is a sign of physical health and is expressed in symmetry:

  • correct head posture;
  • absence of abnormalities in the physiological curvature of the spine;
  • Equal length of legs;
  • absence of scoliosis.

  Postural abnormalities are especially dangerous in childhood, as they can cause serious deformities in the future. The importance of correct posture can hardly be overestimated, as it allows the load to be evenly distributed on the spine, thereby eliminating many diseases. It also significantly reduces the risk of internal organ failure in the chest and abdomen.

  Causes of Postural Damage

  

  The most common causes of bad posture are bad posture at school at the desk and at home when doing homework, bad posture at the computer, etc. Poor posture is also caused by:

  • spinal injuries;
  • congenital and acquired diseases of the spine: tumors, connective tissue diseases, tuberculosis, etc.;
  • longer poor posture at work, at the desk;
  • wearing uncomfortable clothing;
  • underdeveloped muscular corset of the back;
  • insufficient lighting in the workplace.

  How does she express herself?

  It is a curvature of the spine caused by degenerative or structural changes.

  The spine consists of spines that absorb and rationally distribute the load. Due to external or internal factors, the physiological position of the columns can change, and then the system itself changes to redistribute this load. Some columns take more load, others less. This leads to a deformity of the skeleton, which manifests itself in an abnormal posture.

  This postural disorder is reversible in the early stages. However, if skeletal deformity is neglected, treatment can be difficult and take years.

  How can parents recognize the first signs of a postural disorder?

  If the mother or father looks closely, the first signs of spinal deformity can be seen.

  When the child stands erect and has poor posture, the lower angles of the shoulder blades protrude slightly or significantly, the line of the shoulders is crooked, and often the bony arches protrude.

  The child also misaligns the legs and bends forward (unconsciously to compensate for the increased stress on the spine), tilts the head forward, and assumes a slightly unnatural trunk position.

  However, self-diagnosis does not preclude a visit to the doctor – only a pediatrician is able to diagnose, determine the severity of spinal deformity, identify complications and prescribe treatment! Parents should take their child to the doctor as soon as possible!

  causes

  In about 78 % of the cases, the malposition is caused by flat feet and club feet. Misalignment of the feet results in an abnormal distribution of cushioning loads, and postural flexion changes position in the sagittal (vertical) or frontal (perpendicular to the sagittal plane) plane.

  Inappropriate lifestyle habits can also contribute to poor posture. Triggers include:

  • Frequent and prolonged sitting in front of the computer, laptop or television;
  • lack of optimal physical activity;
  • Lack of regular outdoor play for children (e.g., children who do not play on playgrounds or climb horizontal bars and walkways may develop poor posture due to inadequate muscular corsets);
  • excessive physical activity;
  • Participation in professional sports.

  There are cases of spinal deformity caused by injuries to the back and lower limbs, joint diseases, back surgery and connective tissue dysplasia.

  It is also worth noting that postural disorders are commonly found in children who are overweight, who wear the wrong size shoes, and who buck their height out of self-confidence (e.g., when their height is a cause of peer ridicule).

  What happens when I see a chiropractor?

  At the first visit, the doctor takes a medical history (information about symptoms, lifestyle, chronic diseases, and heredity) and performs a thorough examination of the patient. A general examination of the patient is mandatory, initially examining the cardiovascular system and internal organs. This is followed by an orthopedic examination while standing and lying down. Based on the results of the examination, the doctor determines whether there are any anatomical changes and functional abnormalities.

  If you already have X-rays and general examination data, please bring them with you to your appointment: the doctor will certainly look at them. If necessary, he will refer you to a neurologist and recommend further investigations. Based on all the findings, the chiropractor draws up a treatment plan: he chooses the treatment methods, determines the duration of the treatment and the number and frequency of the sessions. In the course of treatment, the original plan can be adjusted if necessary.

  Special features of the treatment: Which techniques are used in manual therapy?

  Originally, manual therapy mainly used a technique called rigid, ie direct pressure on the spine by mechanical compression of the vertebrae and ligaments. This technique is also known as chiropractic or the short lever technique. This technique can cause quite uncomfortable sensations and was often complicated in the early days of chiropractic (because the procedure was performed by people with insufficient knowledge of anatomy and physiology). Today, however, classic manual therapy (and this is the rigid technique), performed by an experienced specialist, can provide the patient with rapid pain relief and eliminate the anatomical disorders caused by the disease: vertebral displacement and protrusion, compressed nerves and vessels, etc .
  In addition to the short-arm technique, the gentler long-arm technique is also widely used in manual therapy: indirect influence on the spine by manipulating the patient's limbs. This technique was adopted from osteopathy.
  When working with the short arm technique and the long arm technique, there are 3 main phases of impact on the vertebrae or joints.

  1. mobilization
     Preparing a joint, vertebra, or disc for manipulation, sometimes as a standalone procedure. The aim of mobilization is to bring previously restricted mobility to a normal level. It involves rhythmically repeated, painless movements that are performed by the doctor or by the patient under the doctor's guidance.
  2. immobilization
     In preparation for the manipulation, the vertebrae above and below the affected area are immobilized.
  3. manipulation
     The main therapeutic measure is a manual action of rapid pushing, pulling or hitting to restore the correct position of each bone or to reposition the dislocated vertebra. Usually after the manipulation you will hear a slight click. Don't be alarmed; this is a sign that the damaged vertebra or joint is back 'in place'.

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