What are knee braces?

An orthopedic bandage is. An orthosis is an external aid to relieve the joints and stabilize the spine after illness, surgery or injury. In particular, people with congenital diseases of the musculoskeletal system, contact lenses, paralysis and paresis need an orthosis.

Choosing knee braces for knee osteoarthritis: tips and advice

Doctors say that knee braces help alleviate the patient's condition and speed up the rehabilitation process.

How to choose knee pads for knee osteoarthritis? Many people with knee problems ask themselves this question. Such orthoses (certain devices intended to relieve and rehabilitate the patient - they can reduce the load on the joint or limb, fix a certain position, etc.) must be prescribed by a doctor, since each case requires an individual approach.

Orthopedic kneecaps are usually prescribed after joint surgery, when the patient has sustained an injury or has a chronic musculoskeletal condition. For this reason, a special approach is taken when choosing the product.

Types of Kneecaps

Before the doctor recommends any treatment, he will first examine the knee joint. In this way, the cause of the disease, its form and the degree of its progression can be determined and possible concomitant diseases can be identified.

Without this approach, it is not possible to talk about appropriate measures. Otherwise, one has to ask oneself the qualifications of the 'specialist' who diagnoses the disease 'by eye' and prescribes an orthosis.

degree of firmness

There are several types of orthopedic kneecaps, depending on the degree of use.

1. Firm fixation. This category is very rigid, holding the limb in a virtually stationary position. These kneecaps are prescribed for people who have had trauma, surgery, etc. The structure is made of plastic. This type of orthosis was developed as an alternative to plaster.
2. Medium' immobilization. The construction involves the presence of stiffening ribs that vary in width. This type can have both thin spokes and wider plates. Typically, medium fixation patellas are prescribed to those who have suffered dislocations, contusions affecting the meniscus, etc. People with chronic osteoarthritis should always have them on hand as they make it easier for them to get through phases of aggravation. But: If an attack is accompanied by swelling of the joint, the orthosis should be adjustable. This makes it easy to put on and take off the prosthesis, which is less uncomfortable for the patient.
3. Bad fixation. A knee orthosis in this category is a flexible orthosis that does not have any stiffening ribs. Bandages also belong in this category. They are recommended for prophylactic purposes such as E.g. with worsening arthrosis or if the knee joint is unstable. Bandages are usually prescribed for people who have inflammation but no swelling. Finally, if the swelling is severely compressed, there is a risk of tissue necrosis.
4. Immobilization of the kneecap. This category is mainly intended for athletes. However, they are also indicated for patients with osteoarthritis, unstable kneecaps or connective tissue hypermobility. These orthotics prevent damage caused by sudden movements.
5. Dynamic' orthoses. This is a recent development in the orthopedic industry. The price of these devices is quite high. The design includes movable, rigid elements that provide flexible fixation and a massaging effect. Unlike previous versions, these products have their own size grid. Therefore, it is important to know the circumference of the leg above and below the knee when choosing.

purpose of carrying the device

The orthosis is prescribed by a doctor after examining the patient, taking a medical history and making a diagnosis. The product is used to prevent knee injuries and to treat the damaged joint.

• Complete or partial immobilization of the joint apparatus;
• Relieving the knee of unnecessary loads;
• Correction of the correct position of the joint.

Immobilization of the knee joint using an orthosis makes it possible to improve the functionality of the joint and to stop or significantly slow down the development of pathologies in therapy and rehabilitation of the musculoskeletal system. Wearing the orthosis prevents the knee from being injured again after an operation.

The orthopedic aid is selected individually for each patient. The dressing must be the right size and not cause an allergic reaction or discomfort.

When an orthosis is prescribed

The orthosis may only be worn on the order of the doctor treating you. Knee braces are used to prevent knee damage, to improve joint function after injury and to treat musculoskeletal disorders.

Indications for prescribing a knee brace:

• damage to the external or internal meniscus in the area of the knee;
• dislocation of the kneecap;
• strain or injury of collateral and cruciate ligaments;
• arthritis (development of an inflammatory process) and osteoarthritis (chronic disease);
• restoration of knee function after illness and injury;
• Prevention of joint damage during regular sports training, heavy physical exertion, etc.

The main contraindications for the use of orthoses are circulatory disorders, severe leg swelling, skin inflammation and dermatitis. In the case of varicose veins, the orthosis can be worn after consulting a doctor. The doctor examines the patient's medical history, compares the positive and negative effects of the orthosis and assesses the risks. The doctor also prescribes special compression clothing to prevent the development and progression of varicose veins.

With thrombophlebitis (thrombosis with inflammation of the vein walls and the formation of a blood clot that closes the lumen of the vein), bandages are strictly prohibited. Do not put a bandage on broken skin (wounds, cuts, burns). Do not wear the medical device if you have skin diseases that are directly on the leg. Stop wearing the orthosis immediately if an allergic reaction to the materials of the medical device occurs.

With regard to the function, the following types of orthoses/bands are differentiated according to the degree of fixation:

• Slight degree of immobilization A knee brace is like a bandage, but provides a greater degree of immobilization. It is used in active sports to prevent injuries;
• Semi-rigid knee orthoses are used to relieve pressure in chronic conditions;
• The adjustable, articulated, semi-rigid knee brace with patella fixation is used for hernias and diseases of the kneecap. The fixation improves the distribution of the load on the ligaments. Thanks to the joint mechanism, the orthosis can be individually adjusted;
• A semi-rigid knee brace without additional patellar fixation is worn when such fixation is not necessary;
• Rigid knee brace. Used after severe injuries when the joint needs to be completely immobilized;
• Hinged adjustable rigid knee braces are complex mechanical devices that use a ball and socket mechanism and hook and loop fasteners to hold the knee in place securely and with adjustable range of motion.
• The soft knee brace is a half stocking that is attached to the leg with spandex. The additional ring that supports the kneecap is often made of medical-grade silicone.
• Intermediate stiffness knee braces are sometimes divided into ribbed, hinged, open and closed devices. This characterization of the products allows practically any type of joint fixation.
• The most commonly used knee braces consist of a pivot joint - the knee joint is partially restricted in flexion and extension, and the joint partially or completely relieves the knee joint.

It is best to consult your doctor for a good choice. Most models are equipped with laces and Velcro to attach the device to the leg. To choose a knee brace, measure the circumference of the knee in a semi-bent position with a tape measure (tailor's tape). Knee brace measurements (general average; note that these vary from manufacturer to manufacturer)

How and for how long should the knee orthosis be worn?

The wearing time depends on the degree of immobilization and the prescription of the orthosis. Sports knee joint orthoses should be worn during training, heavy loads or pain in the joint. After an injury, an articulated knee brace is worn continuously throughout the rehabilitation period, which can last anywhere from one to six months.

The doctor prescribes a rigid knee joint orthosis, which is worn during the rehabilitation period. Sports or strong dynamic loads are not allowed. These orthoses attach to the leg to keep the joint in the correct position and reduce stress. They are worn for 1 to 7 days. The knee is a complex joint. It consists of several bones, six ligaments and individual articular ligaments. Being on your feet all the time puts you at high risk of knee injuries.

Knee pads: various models

There are quite a number of models and types of this orthopedic equipment. They differ in terms of the materials they are made of. Knee braces can be open or closed, they can be flexible or rigid. They can also be equipped with knee joint prostheses, metal ion inserts, magnetic plates, silicone rings and even infrared heaters.

Depending on the intended use, there are knee brace models in the following variants.

1. Bandage. An elastic corset that helps repair the knee area, keeping warm and reducing stress.
2. orthosis. Similar to a bandage but more functional.
3. Bandage. It is used prophylactically and helps to support the knee joint and prevent damage.
4. orthosis. A hard kneecap that is used in most cases during the rehabilitation period. This type of kneecap is prescribed for osteoarthritis in the knee.
5. Stroke. A metal splint resembling a rail and rigidly attached. It is prescribed after surgery or injury. Most often, soft materials are used to manufacture these knee braces. This device is hypoallergenic.
6. Flexible knee brace. A well-known device that is convenient and easy to use.
7. Duct tape. An elastic tape. The taping is intended to help reduce the strain on the muscles and ligaments.

About the knee brace in detail

Even 'neglected' joint problems can be treated at home! Just remember to put them on once a day.

Knee straps are used to slightly hold the knee in place. Knee straps help minimize stress but do not restrict movement. Cotton, synthetic and knitted fabrics are used to make the bandage.

An orthosis is similar to a bandage. The main difference is that there are additional elements in the bandage. This type of product is functional and, depending on the cause, contributes to the immobilization of the knee joint. They can be equipped with rigid ribs and inserts, silicone rings and side hinges. The knee brace can be attached with Velcro.

An orthosis is a special splint whose primary purpose is moderate to rigid immobilization. It is much more comfortable and practical than a plaster cast. In addition, using a brace instead of a cast significantly reduces knee recovery time.

The main function of the orthosis is to completely immobilize the knee. The knee brace has hinges that allow the patient to move without stressing the knee and neoprene-covered ribs that help the patient make the necessary movements without injuring the meniscus. This type of bandage is worn to protect the joint in osteoarthritis and gonarthrosis, as well as a meniscus tear.

The bandage is intended for people who play sports and lead an active lifestyle. The bandage helps to avoid the risk of various injuries by protecting and securing not only the joint, but also the muscles and collateral ligaments, the kneecap and the meniscus.

The elastic bandage was in vogue even before the advent of modern fixation devices. It was used in sports activities to prevent injuries and relieve pain.

Indications for the use of orthoses

Orthoses can not only be used for arthrosis. They can also be used for the following diseases:

• meniscus tears;
• ligament strains;
• torn ligaments;
• contortions;
• post-operative period;
• rehabilitation after an injury.

The bandage can also be used as a preventative measure for patients prone to injury. The device is used by athletes to reduce the risk of injury during training.

How do I choose an orthosis?

The choice of orthosis should be made in consultation with a doctor. To get the brace you really need, you should first consult a specialist. He will help you determine the necessary rigidity of the structure and the optimal material of the product.

General recommendations for purchasing orthoses:

1. Buy orthopedic products in specialty stores.
2. Pay attention to the quality. Orthoses should be made of high-quality, hypoallergenic materials.
3. Prefer models that are adjustable. You may need to change the level of immobilization during treatment and rehabilitation to avoid additional charges.

Knee splints: differences in the degree of immobilization

degree of sedation – Degree of limitation of the physiological range of motion of the knee joint.

1. Slight degree of fixation – Restriction of no more than one third of the physiological range of motion.
2. Medium or semi-rigid degree of fixation – Restriction of the range of motion by no more than half of the physiological range of motion.
3. Heavy or rigid immobilization – Maximum limitation of the range of motion by two-thirds of the physiological range of motion.

Knee Pads: Materials

main material – Tissues in contact with the skin. It should be hypoallergenic, comfortable to the touch, flexible and breathable. Knee pads are made from: neoprene, elastane, nylon, cotton, elastane.

The first difference – Some knee braces are fixed and are pulled over the leg like a sleeve. Others are divisible and have fasteners such as B. a Velcro.

Benefits of split kneecaps with fasteners:

• Adaptability to the anatomical conditions.
• Ability to change the level of immobilization as the level of pain and/or swelling changes.
• As a rule, an exact size does not have to be specified when purchasing.

secondary difference. – Open or closed type of orthosis. The open orthosis has a special opening for the kneecap on the front. A closed orthosis is a one-piece construction with no holes.

• These reduce the pressure on the kneecap when the joint is flexed.
• The knee is more breathable and less moisture collects under the thick material during vigorous physical activity.

Elastic base orthoses

The simplest type of bandage. They stabilize and distribute pressure while maintaining full mobility and retaining warmth. The material is snug, stretchy and fully covers the attachment area. Available in split or unsplit, open or closed design.

Recommended application: Mild knee pain and/or swelling, sprains, arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis, chondromalacia.

Not recommended for use: for moderate to severe instability and pain.

How to choose a knee brace?

The maximum benefit of a knee brace can only be achieved if the brace is the correct size for the knee. Also, an ill-fitting brace can have the opposite effect and lead to injury.

The first thing you should decide is what you want to use the knee brace for. If you don't have a serious injury or medical condition, a lightweight orthosis is right for you, which is widely used to prevent knee injuries, including during sports. If you have a knee problem, you should select the brace together with your doctor, who will find the right product for you and determine how long you should wear it.

How do I choose the right knee brace?

To choose a knee brace, you need to take some measurements. On the OPTECA website you will find a detailed table where you can enter the measurements for each model. Use the handy table by clicking on the 'How to customize?

In terms of design, there are open, closed and articulated knee braces.

Hinge orthoses are designed for the conservative treatment of injuries and diseases of the knee joint. The adjustable joint enables an early functional and gradual increase in the range of motion in the postoperative phase or in the conservative treatment of injuries and diseases of the knee joint.

The open knee orthosis is a soft, fixed knee joint and is used for severe pain. An open knee brace is a good choice to speed up rehabilitation after surgery or injury. These knee braces are lightweight but durable. The load on the joint is noticeably reduced and also has a warming effect.

Closed orthoses are one-piece and have no openings. They serve to firmly stabilize all parts of the knee joint, reduce pain and improve blood flow to the soft tissues around the knee. Closed orthoses retain heat better.

How should knee braces be worn?

• If you have knee problems or in the postoperative phase, your doctor will decide how long you have to wear the orthosis.
• The knee brace should be worn seated with the leg bent at an angle of 30 degrees.
• The orthosis should be worn on bare legs or over thin thermal underwear or stockings, whereby seamless stockings should be chosen as the seams of the orthosis can cause uncomfortable pressure;
• In general, the orthosis should only be removed to shower twice a day; the product should be worn on a clean and dry leg to avoid irritation.

The OPTEKA range of orthoses offers you a selection of orthoses with different degrees of stiffness, designs and materials.

The BAUERFEIND GenuTrain A3 knee orthosis is ideal for treating a variety of knee problems: arthrosis, arthritis of the knee, complicated knee pain or patellar valgus. This dynamic orthosis is ideal for athletes and the elderly.

The effective BAUERFEIND SecuTec Genu functional orthosis is ideal for long-term stabilization of the knee joint in the event of torn ligaments, damaged collateral ligaments or meniscus operations. It is light but very stable and offers a high level of comfort thanks to the perfect fit and easy application.

The BAUERFEIND MOS Genu knee orthosis is a functional and safe orthosis for stabilizing the knee joint. It is available in a long version, however the extension pieces can be removed to reduce the length to a convenient standard patella. It is based on the four-point fixation principle and stabilizes and relieves the knee joint. The aluminum frame of the orthosis adapts to the anatomy of the body and can be redesigned (the adjustable axes also contribute to this). The breathable laminate lining ensures a comfortable and secure fit. It is attached with Velcro fasteners.

For which complaints do you need a medical knee brace?

• knee pain;
• swelling;
• inflammation or redness;
• poor mobility of the joint;
• muscle cramps;
• Impaired blood flow in the knee.

It is also recommended for professional and amateur athletes whose knees are subjected to excessive loads. Wearing a kneecap distributes the load on the limb evenly, reducing the likelihood of injury.

Three types of attachment:

The soft kneecap is used when additional support of the joint is needed to reduce swelling and relieve pain. This product often includes stiffening ribs and so-called hinges. Such knee pads are suitable for people with the onset of osteoarthritis and for people who have undergone knee replacement surgery. They are suitable for treating minor bruises as well as for prevention. They are made of flexible material, require little maintenance and are very durable.

Taping is now widely used in sports medicine and orthopedics. Tape is a unique bandage that looks like a wide bandage and is fitted with a special adhesive. In order to achieve a therapeutic effect, the tape must be professionally applied to the injured part of the body. It makes the most sense to entrust this task to a professional. When used correctly, the tape does not have a harmful effect on the joint, does not squeeze it and does not restrict movement, relieves pain and tension in the injured joint, reduces swelling. Wearing the tapes causes a micro-massage of the skin. Only hypoallergenic materials, mainly cotton, are used to manufacture the tapes.

There are the following types of orthotics:

• Bandage;
• Corset;
• suspenders;
• collar rails;
• finger immobilisations;
• elbow pads;
• kneecaps;
• Ankle;
• orthopedic insoles;
• special footwear, etc.

All these and other orthopedic aids have both a therapeutic and a preventive effect.
These medical aids are essential to support operated, diseased or damaged limbs, knees, elbows, hips and other joints.

The most important functions of orthoses

• Relief of the back (spine) and joints;
• fixation of the body (a specific part of the body) in the correct position;
• Restoring function of a limb after surgery or injury;
• Correction of congenital or acquired deformities – such as kyphosis, scoliosis, etc;
• Relief of acute pain caused by arthritis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis or other chronic diseases;
• prophylactic to minimize the risk of joint and back injuries during exercise, prolonged driving or other physical exertion.

• by purpose – for the spine, neck and joints of the limbs;
• by material – orthopedic insoles are made of cotton, elastane, neoprene, spandex, wool; polyester or nylon are used as additional materials;
• according to the manufacturing process – individual (manufactured in the workshop by extrusion, taking into account the peculiarities of human anatomy) and assembled (factory-made);
• Depending on the degree of rigidity – immobilizing (rigid, equipped with metal plates and ribs, used in deformities of the musculoskeletal system and complex injuries), semi-rigid (have rigid plastic or metal ribs and fasteners – belts, Velcro, fasteners; they serve the Pain relief, treatment of diseases of the spine and limbs and pressure relief of the joints) and supportive (soft, made of wool or elastic fabrics, prevent injuries to the back, arms and legs, have a warming function and have a massaging effect on minor injuries ).

If you need a specific orthopedic device, you should ask your doctor for a recommendation. Prescriptions for this type of medical aid are issued by traumatologists or orthopedists. Only an experienced specialist can help you choose the right orthosis. When choosing a product, it is important to consider not only the type of anomaly, but also the presence/absence of skin problems and body shape. Measurement is often required (the location of the change depends on the type of orthosis).

Sizing of the knee orthosis

The orthosis must be individually adapted to the patient's leg. It is therefore important to know how to determine the size of the knee brace. To do this, take the following measurements:

• the girth of the knee in the middle;
• Circumference 10-15 cm above the kneecap (the recommendation may vary depending on the manufacturer);
• similar measurements below the kneecap;

If the knee orthosis is correctly dimensioned, optimal results can be achieved.

Use and care of the orthosis

When using these braces, it is important to know how to put on and wear the knee brace correctly. The therapeutic and preventive effect depends on this. In any case, the recommendations of the doctor must be strictly followed.

The general recommendation for wearing a knee brace properly is that it should be worn over bare skin or over a thin stocking. The skin must be clean and dry. This should be taken into account before the orthosis is applied to the knee joint. Make sure there are no wounds or scratches on the skin.

An important point is the duration of wearing the orthosis. How long a knee brace should be worn depends on the disease in question and is determined by the knee joint doctor. The wearing time is usually about a month. It is advisable to only remove the orthosis twice a day for 20 minutes for hygiene purposes while wearing it. If you have previously suffered a knee injury, it is advisable to use a soft brace for periods of intense physical activity.

The maintenance of the device consists in regular washing, following some recommendations. Remove all detachable metal parts before washing the knee brace. Hand wash at a water temperature not exceeding 40°C. Do not use products containing chlorine. After washing, let the orthosis dry in a place that is not exposed to sunlight. Once the orthosis has completely dried, the metal parts of the product can be reassembled.

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