The tarsal bone hurts from above - what to do?

The type of pain syndrome is diverse. The pain can occur:

• In a specific area or throughout the foot;
• With exertion or as constant pain;
• intense, jerky, painful, pulling, twisting, stabbing.

Why feet hurt: causes, types of pain, treatment and prevention

If you have swollen and painful feet or severe pulling pain in your feet, it is important to find the cause and treat it. Foot pain can be caused by a number of factors, such as: B. from diseases and injuries of the lower limbs, abnormal joint function, foot deformities, orthopedic diseases and the effects of excessive exertion or prolonged upright sitting. It is important to correctly identify the cause and choose the right treatment for heel or foot pain.

Because pain in the feet not only leads to discomfort, but also to a change in gait or a complete restriction of movement.

The classification according to type and duration of pain is as follows:

• acute (usually caused by fractures, bruises, and other types of trauma);
• chronic;
• dull;
• annoying; annoying
• constant;
• intermittently;
• difficult;
• light.

Distinguishing the localization of pain syndrome:

• Localized pain: in a limited area, e.g. B. Pain in the foot from above or pain in the arch of the foot or pain in the bones of the foot;
• Periarticular pain;
• Diffuse pain: Pain throughout the entire foot.

Why feet hurt: possible causes

Since the foot is made up of 26 bones, a number of ligaments and muscles, the possible causes may be related to each of its components. Sometimes the cause of pain has nothing to do with the musculoskeletal system.

Some of the most common causes of foot pain when stepping on, under the toes, or other painful conditions include:

1. Bruises, trauma, fractures and other mechanical injuries: These are usually accompanied by swelling and acute pain. Fractures of the metatarsal, tarsal and ankle bones cause severe pain and impair motor skills.
2. Pathological conditions of the bones of the foot: osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, bursitis, periostitis.
3. Inflammatory processes: rheumatoid arthritis (systemic disease of the joints), nonspecific infectious arthritis, gout (disease of the metatarsophalangeal joint caused by deposition of uric acid salts), chondrocalcinosis, etc.
4. Ligament disorders: plantar fasciitis (when it hurts to lift your foot in the morning), heel spurs.
5. Soft tissue infections and inflammations: stabbing pain in hip joint inflammation, onychocryptosis.
6. Specific infections: ankylosis of the joints, gonorrheic arthritis, articular tuberculosis.
7. Endocrine disorders and autoimmune diseases: Diabetes mellitus (diabetic foot).
8. Congenital anomalies of the limbs: clubfoot, onychodystrophy, plantar hyperhidrosis.
9. Flat feet (longitudinal, transverse) and other types of arch deformities (cavus foot, equinus, valgus, etc.).
10. Vascular abnormalities: obliterative atherosclerosis, arteritis and thrombophlebitis.
11. Neuralgias: Morton's neuroma, neuropathies of the sciatic, ankle, tibial and femoral nerves.
12. tumors.
13. Excessive physical exertion.
14. Excessive physical exertion.
15. Stress and even mental disorders.

Causes of foot pain

According to the Rospotrebnadzor Center for Population Hygiene, flat feet are one of the most common causes of foot pain [1]. In a healthy foot, the load is distributed across three support points: the back of the heel, the big toe and the head of the metatarsal bone, and the outer edge of the foot. When the foot deforms for one reason or another, the load becomes unbalanced, as a result of which the structure of the ligamentous and bone apparatus changes, which leads to pain and the development of various diseases.

In people who do not have a genetic predisposition to flat feet and did not develop it in their youth, significant changes occur after the age of 40. The body is no longer as resistant to excessive stress, including on the joints, hormonal changes occur, wear and tear on the joint apparatus increases, and there is an increased risk of excessive weight gain, which has a negative impact on the feet.

With increasing age, the joint and bone structures can no longer fully fulfill their functions - walking and bearing loads. Therefore, the causes of pain in a healthy person can be fatigue, prolonged physical exertion or unsuitable footwear for sports activities.

Non-mechanical causes of foot pain include metabolic disorders, gout, diabetes, varicose veins [2] and other vascular diseases, post-traumatic lesions (improperly treated foot subluxations, etc.).

Let's look at the main situations associated with foot pain:

Burning in feet and fingertips

Uncomfortable footwear is the most likely cause. The load is not distributed properly, causing the bunions under the metatarsals to become inflamed and sore. You can relieve symptoms with a relaxing foot bath and gentle self-massage. However, you should consult your doctor for treatment. You will probably hear the diagnosis 'metatarsalgia'.

This symptom is characteristic of Morton's neuroma [3]. The symptoms arise from irritation of the nerve that runs between the heads of the metatarsal bones of the third and fourth toes.

In the early stages of the disease the pain may be mild, but later it may worsen with a burning sensation, begin to 'shoot' and the foot feels uncomfortable in almost any closed-toe shoe.

surgical treatment

There are several surgical treatment options for Morton's neuroma, which involve resection of the affected part of the nerve.

Another surgical option is to loosen the interdigital ligament and remove the scar tissue.

Although nerve resection is a radical treatment method, it should be borne in mind that it can lead to permanent loss of sensation in the area innervated by the nerve and the development of a true stump neuroma, which also poses problems for the patient.

Risk factors and prevention

There are no clearly defined risk factors for the development of this disease because the exact cause is not known. Wearing narrow or high heels can contribute to the development of the condition and should be avoided if possible.

If you are suffering from pain and discomfort in your foot and flat feet, make an appointment and come to our clinic for a consultation. Our clinic is equipped with all the modern diagnostic equipment needed to treat foot and ankle conditions and injuries.

Our operating rooms are equipped with the latest medical technology and instruments from leading foreign manufacturers, including those used for minimally invasive arthroscopic procedures.

The doctors working in the clinic have the necessary skills and knowledge to treat foot pathologies. In addition to providing highly qualified medical care, our goal is to make your stay in the clinic as pleasant as possible.

High standards of service, cozy rooms and friendly staff make the treatment process more pleasant and make you feel welcome in our clinic. High-quality medical services, rapid recovery after minimally invasive procedures and a return to a normal rhythm of life - these are the basic elements of high-quality treatment of injuries and illnesses in our clinic.

Video about our clinic for trauma surgery and orthopedics

• Analysis of anamnesis and complaints
• Clinical examination
• Identification of symptoms
• Examination and evaluation of MRI, CT and X-ray images as well as blood analyzes
• diagnosis
• prescription of treatment

Repeated consultation of a traumatologist and orthopedist, MD – 2000 RUB

Injection of a glucocorticoid solution into the area of Morton's neuroma (excluding the cost of the drug) – 1000 RUB

If the cause is a circulatory disorder

If the feet become numb, obliterative arteritis may be the cause. But deeply ingrown calluses or corns that compress blood vessels and nerves can also cause numbness. In the case of arteritis, the cause is a circulatory disorder. It is caused by smoking and is more common in men in their 30s. In addition to pain and numbness, there is hypothermia, weakness and fatigue. If left untreated, gangrene can even develop.

Varicose veins can also cause foot pain. As long as the disease has not seriously attacked the veins, venotonic agents in the form of creams and capsules help; elastic stockings and bandages prevent the legs from swelling. If the disease is in a severe stage, surgery is indicated.

The answer to the question – foot pain: what to do? The answer is treating the underlying disease. All other approaches will only have a temporary effect.

diagnosis and treatment

Due to the wide variety of foot pain, a correct diagnosis is not only important but can prevent a person from becoming disabled.

First, the patient goes to a specialist and undergoes an X-ray or CT scan. This visit will determine the condition of the joints, muscles and ligaments, as well as the disease causing the worrisome symptoms. Even an excellent specialist will not be able to tell you exactly why your feet hurt, what to do and how to treat them without a diagnosis and examination.

If the diagnosis is clear, a treatment regimen is prescribed. For example, traumatic factors are eliminated, infections are treated, joints and blood vessels are repaired. It is clear that any disease is treated symptomatically. Unconventional remedies are usually ineffective. They are good for overuse but have little effect on the more serious causes of pain.

Pricing of services

After an examination, your doctor will make the necessary diagnosis in your case. Some diseases are difficult to diagnose, as the saying goes, 'by eye'. Therefore, you should trust that the doctor orders the examinations. Once all the tests have been done, the doctor can recommend the right treatment. Remember: an accurate diagnosis and a correct diagnosis are 50 % responsible for the success of the treatment!

The feet play an important role in reducing the stress on the pelvic bones and spine when walking, running or moving the body in an upright position.

Postural disorders are conditions in which the normal position of the body is altered in relation to the axis of the spine.

Dyspnea (shortness of breath) can be not only a sign of a poorly functioning cardiac and respiratory system, but also a symptom of osteochondrosis.

The human heel is exposed to enormous stress every day because it has a cushioning function when walking.

Remember that only a qualified doctor can make an accurate diagnosis, determine the causes and nature of the disease and prescribe effective treatment. You can make an appointment with our specialists on our website or by calling 8 (495) 255-37-37.

• Gorshenev VN, Ziangirova M.Yu., Kolesov VV, Krasnopolskaya LM, Prosvirin AA. New additive technologies for producing complex bone structures for medical and biological applications [electronic resource] // Radioelectronics. Nanosystems. Information technologies. 2019 https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/novye-additivnye-tehnologii-formirovaniya-slozhnyh-kostnyh-struktur-dlya-mediko-biologicheskih-primeneniy
• Gubin AV, Borzunov DY, Voronovich EA, Borzunova OB, Belokon NS Problems of age continuity in orthopedics [Electronic resource] // Health Protection of the Russian Federation. 2015 https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/problemy-vozrastnoy-preemstvennosti-v-ortopedii
• Kornilov NV Traumatology and orthopedics. Injuries and diseases of the pelvis, thorax, spine and head. Blood loss in orthopedic surgery. DTC in traumatology and orthopedics. Principles of experimental research // Hippocrates. 2008
• Strobel MV, Korolev AV. Guidelines for arthroscopic surgery. Manual in two volumes. // Panfilov. 2009
• D. Ip Orthopedic traumatology – a resident's guide [Electronic resource] // Springer. 2010 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287907022_Orthopedic_Traumatology_-_A_Resident's_Guide.

Clinical Licenses

Causes of foot pain

Doctors consider several groups of causes that cause discomfort or severe pain. These can include:

• bony outgrowths;
• overloading of the foot;
• soft tissue injuries;
• entrapment of nerves;
• Diabetic complications;
• foot structure abnormalities;
• dystrophic joint and bone diseases;
• Trauma;
• inflammatory processes on the foot;
• varicose veins.

With the different types of pain, those affected complain of tingling, numbness, aching, sharp and dull sensations.

The insidious thing about a small bruise is that over the years it can lead to destructive processes in the cartilage and bone tissue, such as arthritis, arthrosis and various inflammatory diseases. Therefore, it is better to visit a traumatologist and make sure that the 26 bones, muscles and ligaments of the foot are intact. If a pathology is detected, the doctor recommends treatment that protects the foot, immobilization, a plaster splint or a firm bandage.

These are not all causes of foot pain in the sole of the foot, toes, or other areas. Osteoporosis, for example, disrupts movement and rest. It occurs in people with metabolic problems, people who do little exercise and people of advanced age. The bones lose calcium and phosphorus and become brittle. Pain under the fingers is characteristic. The disease carries the risk of bone fractures, which is very dangerous for elderly patients. Treatment is slow and does not always have the desired effect. Calcium and vitamin D are the most important drugs for improving bone health.

Factors leading to pain

1. A common cause of foot pain is flat feet. The most common cause is an imbalance in foot loading. This leads to a flattening of the arch of the foot, the natural alignment of the bones, and compression of the nerves and blood vessels. Severe deformities result in pain and lameness.
2. One of the deforming pathologies is the 'horse foot'. This disease causes paresis of the foot, that is, the person does not feel the foot but hits it instead of stepping on it. As a result, the foot is paralyzed.
3. The cause is inflammation. Pain in the area of the foot near the toes can be caused by inflammation in different parts of the foot. For example, tendonitis, bursitis, fascia inflammation and ligament inflammation can cause pain, swelling and fever. Purulent involvement cannot be ruled out. While the first, very unpleasant disease is quite easy to treat - the surgeon cuts open the boil, removes the pathogenic contents and disinfects the injured area - the second is a very serious pathology that can even lead to amputation of the limb.
4. Blood flow disorders. Circulatory disorders require special attention and consultation of a phlebologist. If you pay attention to the fact that your fingers are cold, pale in color, and the disease does not seriously affect your vessels in a timely manner, you can do without surgery.

If you experience pain in your feet, lower legs, or calves when walking and are concerned about signs that your blood vessels are not working properly, you may have varicose veins. Heavy and swollen feet eventually lead to pain syndrome, 'vascular stars', nodules of veins protruding under the skin, which indicate overstretched veins, blood stasis and slow toxin poisoning of the body. Due to poor blood circulation, the results of tissue activity are only insufficiently transported away. If at the beginning of the disease ointments, gels, elastic stockings and knee socks help, then at the stage of neglect surgery must be performed.

Skin lesions that cause foot pain

Corns, calluses, cracked heels and even ringworm – are skin diseases that can cause foot pain. Painful corns and calluses are most often caused by wearing unsuitable, new or high-heeled shoes. The soles of the feet and toes are particularly susceptible to developing these skin lesions. Untreated corns and calluses can worsen over time Calluses get worse and can cause serious pain in the feet. Therefore, the only solution is to change footwear and put on something more comfortable or make separate thermoplastic insoles and fix the problem on the feet.

An orthopedist can also help treat cracked heels, which are characterized by deep cracks that extend to several layers of the epidermis. The cause of pain in the feet, the patientThis painful feeling, which patients describe as itching or even burning, is usually caused by a fungal infection, most often caused by dermatophytes. An ingrown nail can also hinder movement. In this case, the pain can spread from the toe to the metatarsal bone. Athlete's foot and ingrown toenail treatment should be treated by an orthopedic surgeon.

Foot deformities that cause foot pain

Painful feet can be caused by the following deformitiesBunion, transverse or longitudinal flat feet. Bunion (Valgus valgus) is a valgus deformity of the big toe that is usually caused by walking in high-heeled shoes with a narrow toe box. In such shoes, the toes are compressed unnaturally, which leads to transverse flat feet and, as a result, a bunion. This problem is much more common in womenthan in men. It is important to know that bunions can also be inherited. Young girls in particular suffer from bunions, even if they have not yet worn high-heeled shoes.

Transverse flatfoot is a deformitywhich is associated with a divergence of the metatarsals, in which the foot does not rest on the heel and the heads of the 1st and 5th. Metatarsal bone (normal position), touches all or most of the ground. A longitudinal flatfoot can also be a cause of foot pain. The treatment and prevention of longitudinal flatfoot is to visit a good orthopedist and, after a prior computer examination, have custom-made orthopedic insoles made. For bunions and transverse flat feet, these insoles are equipped with a special hinge that supports the transverse arch of the foot and ensures the correct distribution of pressure on the ground. Pressure on the floor guaranteed.

Foot pain and its causes

The causes of pain cannot be conclusively clarified because they are varied, but according to statistics, every second person over the age of thirty suffers from various foot problems.

These include numbness in the limbs, swelling, cramps, twisting of the foot when walking and many other problems. Symptoms can worsen in bad weather, with changes in air temperature, with pain that is concentrated in a specific area or affects the entire foot. The cause of the pain cannot be determined based on the symptoms alone, so a visit to the doctor is essential. The most common causes of foot pain are:

Increasing pain in the feet, the symptom intensifies after a long walk, exertion leads to an urgent need to sit or lie down, neither massage nor rest helps. The reason for this is a lack of calcium in the body, which is responsible for the condition of the bones. The risk of developing osteoporosis is high, especially in women. Muscle tension occurs and if you have to be on your feet for long periods of time at work, it is difficult to carry out work tasks and the quality of life is significantly reduced.

It is caused by inflammation of the plantar fascia, which holds the foot in a certain position and cushions the impact when the foot hits a hard surface. Fascia inflammation occurs when an active person leads a sedentary lifestyle. The ligaments become weak under heavy load, but last but not least, the absence of the ligaments is generally a problem, the cushioning is reduced, the affected person experiences severe pain in the foot and a feeling of heaviness in the leg.

Another condition that many people have heard of. This is a neglected form of plantar fasciitis in which, if left untreated, a bony growth can form where the tendon attaches. The disease is very painful, in some cases it is impossible to move independently and complex and lengthy treatment is required.

Cramps and heaviness in the legs due to flat feet

Flat feet are a common pathology that is not always congenital, as long-term stress affects the foot, although it should be noted that many people are diagnosed with this condition as they age. The disease is associated with changes in the shape of the foot that affect cushioning during walking, running and even standing for long periods of time. Since many people are also overweight, this factor has a strong impact on the patient's condition. The foot shifts under the weight, and uncomfortable shoes make the problem worse. Cramps, heaviness in the foot, swelling and severe foot pain occur.

The consequences of the injury are no less worrying. You may not pay attention to the bruises at first: they hurt a little and then go away. But not all of them are as harmless as they seem, and when a joint or small bone is injured, the consequences do not appear immediately. It is important to see a trauma surgeon to rule out a small bone fracture.

Since the foot is exposed to a lot of stress, cosmetic defects are often observed, which can affect the person's condition. Dry calluses and plantar warts can seriously poison life, so their appearance should not be ignored. They tend to occupy a larger and larger area of the foot and dealing with them in such cases is challenging.

There are a number of other, less common diseases that are not directly related to the soft tissues of the foot or the joints. Sores, redness, swelling, cramps: If any of these symptoms occur regularly, you should definitely see a doctor and get checked out. Since many diseases have serious consequences, it is worth paying attention to somatic diseases and starting treatment in a timely manner.

The most common cause of foot pain when walking is increased pressure on the arch of the foot

However, the most common cause of foot pain is increased pressure on the arch of the foot. In such cases, the pain is diffuse and often consists of a dull, aching ache throughout the foot.

If the arches of the feet are chronically overstretched, foot pain occurs when walking in the afternoon and worsens in the evening. Rest, light massage and water treatments relieve the pain, and in the morning after a night's rest the pain completely subsides.

Factors that increase stress on the arches of the feet include:

– Joint diseases of the lower limbs (arthritis, arthrosis);

– professional overload (athletes, people who are on their feet for a long time (bartenders, waiters, etc.))

– frequent wearing of high-heeled shoes (narrow shoes, which also pinch the foot, are particularly dangerous);

If the symptoms are similar, it is worth seeing a specialist for advice and treatment. The first doctor's appointment at the Restorative Medicine Clinic is free.

Even in ancient times, doctors called pain the body's guardian. In fact, even those pains that are not related to the presence of foot pathology should never be left untreated.

Because it is the increased load on the arches of the feet that is responsible for the development and deformation of valgus as well as heel spurs. Therefore, if you have pain in your foot, you should undergo a thorough examination and take all the necessary measures to prevent further development of the pathology.

Treatment for foot pain when walking depends on the cause. Clinic for Restorative Medicine (SAO, Moscow) – an individual, comprehensive concept

Today, the golden rule in the treatment of foot pain, regardless of the pathology, is the prescription of individual insoles. Of course, these are not purchased silicone, leather or other 'all-purpose' insoles, but rather custom-made insoles.

Today's manufacturers, such as the Australian company FormTotix, produce a range of insoles that allow choosing an orthosis taking into account not only the shoe size and the type of pathology (heel spurs, flat feet, heavy foot load), but also the Type of footwear preferred by the patient (sports, modeling, etc.).

The most important thing is that the insoles are made directly on the patient's foot, so that the insoles can be optimally adapted to the foot not only when at rest, but also when moving.

Depending on the cause of pain, the stage of the pathology, the severity of the inflammatory process, as well as the presence of complications and concomitant diseases, the following treatments can be prescribed in our clinic of restorative medicine (SAO, Moscow):

Come to us for a free consultation. We will help you determine the cause of your foot pain and prescribe appropriate treatment that will not only eliminate the pain, but also prevent the development of complications in the foot and the entire musculoskeletal system.

To make an appointment for an initial consultation with a specialist to arrange free of charge, Please contact us by telephone:

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