The child steps on the inside of the foot

Uncommon Syndrome diffuse musculoskeletal pain syndrome can occur in organic diseases such as JIA. Treatment (both outpatient and inpatient) must be individualized and multidisciplinary.

Clubfoot in children

The most dangerous consequences of this disease are those that are not initially visible to parents. Bad foot position changes the child's posture, affects the foot's cushioning, stresses the spine and can lead to scoliosis. Poor posture leads to joint and spine problems (arthritis, arthrosis, osteochondrosis, bursitis, scoliosis, etc.). Apart from the fact that such incorrect postures can cause joint pain at school age, they also affect the general health of the child later on and lead to problems in the functioning of the internal organs.

The neurologist deals with this problem up to the age of 5, since in a child this pathology is accompanied by a violation of muscle tone in the legs, either hypotonia or hypertonia. This leads to the problem of flat feet and flat feet. This pathology is caused by impaired muscle tone. A pediatric neurologist is responsible for treating these disorders.

From the age of 5, the problem is treated jointly by a neurologist and an orthopedist, since the foot and ligaments are developing during this time.

Help your child stand stably on their feet!

Symptoms of Flat Feet

Children usually don't complain about foot problems, and if they do, it's usually not a serious concern for parents.

Watch out for the following possible symptoms of flat feet:

• Unevenly worn slippers, insole and heel are more worn, one shoe is more worn than the other;
• Your child complains of pain or tiredness in their feet after playing or actively walking;
• A simple examination of your child's feet reveals a flattening of the arches.

If your child's gait has changed, is less mobile, rests more after walking or running, and complains of tiredness and pain in their feet, your child should be seen by an experienced neurologist.

Valgus foot deformity classification

• Grade 1 The first toe deviates less than 20 degrees from its normal position.
• Grade 2: The big toe deviates more than 20 degrees but less than 35 degrees from its natural position.
• Grade 3 The toe has deviated more than 35 degrees from its natural position.

The stages of VDD are classified according to the degree of deformity of the ankle. This is determined by the position of the heel in relation to the axis of the lower limb. Usually they stand one below the other and do not form an angle. With valgus, however, their position relative to one another changes. A total of 4 stages can be distinguished in the development of the VDS:

• Stage 1 The foot is flattened. The angle of the heel bone to the axis of the tibia is up to 15 degrees.
• Stage 2: With more flattening of the foot, the angle of the heel bone to the axis of the tibia is 15 to 20 degrees.
• Stage 3: The sole is almost completely flattened and the angle of deviation of the heel bone from the tibial axis is more than 20 degrees but less than 30 degrees.
• Stage 4: The foot is completely flat. The heel has deviated more than 30 degrees from the shin axis.

Danger!!! The valgus deformity is not to be confused with the flat foot. With flat feet, the longitudinal and/or transverse arch simply sinks and flattens – the ankle is not deformed. In valgus, the position of the heel changes in relation to the axis of the lower extremity. This causes the arch of the foot to sink inward, leading to flattening over time. In this case one speaks of flat feet.

Why feet deform

Hallux valgus occurs when the bones of the forefoot are no longer stable. As a result, they change their position - the first toe deviates outwards from the sole, causing the other toes to buckle as well. Due to the deviation, the joint of the big toe enlarges and protrudes towards the inside of the foot. The position of the heel in relation to the ankle also changes – the heel tilts outward with the toes and the metatarsal moves inward.

The exact causes of the loss of bone stability in the foot are not known to medicine. However, factors that influence this process have been identified. Here is what increases the risk of developing valgus in children:

• Congenital flat feet, other bone and connective tissue pathologies.
• Rheumatoid arthritis and acquired connective tissue diseases causing excessive laxity and flexibility.
• inheritance. If the parents have a valgus, there is a greater chance that the children will also have it.
• Excessive stress on the feet. If the child is a competitive athlete, there is a greater chance of developing a valgus.
• Wearing uncomfortable or ill-fitting shoes (too tight or too soft).
• prematurity. Premature babies are born with underdeveloped systems and organs.
• Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the fetus in the womb.
• Low birth weight.
• Genetic and neuromuscular abnormalities (polyneuropathy, cerebral palsy).
• Dysplasia, subluxation or dislocation of the hip.
• Obesity (being overweight puts more strain on your feet).
• Rickets (the disease weakens the musculoskeletal system).
• Common acute respiratory diseases with complications.
• Foot injuries (bones, cartilage, ligaments and muscles).
• Early Childhood Care - Children who are not yet able to walk independently should not be put on their feet. This puts undue stress on immature feet.

growing pains

It is manifested by cramps and muscle pain. The child's feet hurt mostly at night or in the evening at the end of the day. The symptoms are sometimes so severe that they can wake the child up during the night. They are short-lived, do not cause a limp, and do not interfere with the sport. The growing pains are characterized by their regularity. They occur in children aged 3-4 years, 5-7 years and 11-13 years. To alleviate or eliminate them, the child should take a warm bath, and in the evening before going to bed receive a foot massage.

Sever's disease is an inflammation of the growth zone of the heel bone. It occurs in children between the ages of 9 and 14. Unlike adults, the heel bone in children consists of two parts that are connected by a layer of cartilage (the growth zone). Cartilage tissue is weaker and more prone to injury than bone tissue. When irritated or swollen from overstretching, it causes the pain that children feel in the periphery of their heels.

With Sever's disease, a child's feet hurt after exercise or strenuous physical activity. Children who play soccer, basketball, track and field, run and jump are at risk.

To make your child feel better, cool the painful area and keep the leg still. Talk to your doctor. He will prescribe you orthopedic insoles, special orthoses that reduce the load on the heel. He or she will tell you what you can and cannot do. If the condition is severe, the foot can be temporarily fixed with a bandage.

After two to three months you can return to the sport. It is important to ensure that the problem does not recur. When exercising, choose comfortable shoes with soft soles and do stretching exercises before and after exercise.

flat feet

If the cause is flat feet, the child's feet often hurt after exercising, standing or walking for a long time. The pain can spread to the ankle, shin, and knees.

Parents may not know for a long time that their child has flat feet or pay little attention to it. However, this is a mistake because it affects the health of the entire musculoskeletal system, causes an abnormal distribution of body weight and increases stress on the joints of the feet and spine.

• The foot is flexible when it is flat when standing and the arch (curvature) is visible when the toes are lifted or the big toe is lifted up. Such flat feet are not uncomfortable and resolve spontaneously by age 3;
• Rigid when the arch of the foot is not visible in any position of the foot. To correct the shape of the arch of the foot, special orthopedic shoes and exercises to strengthen the muscles are prescribed.

Acute body aches in children

Acute body aches can have many causes, but are usually the result of trauma, which is usually caused accidentally (sports, falls), but sometimes also intentionally. Osteoarthritis and bone tumors are rare but require urgent treatment.

Publisher: Iskander Milewski. Release update date: 3/18/2021

The information contained on this website must be consulted with your doctor and is not a substitute for a direct consultation with your doctor.
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Treatment and prevention of flat feet in children

How to treat flat feet in children? Adequate physical activity is in itself an excellent preventive measure against various orthopedic problems in children. What makes sense? Walking barefoot is very useful, especially on uneven ground (sand, gravel, just the ground). Special orthopedic mats are a good addition to the home. Walking in shoes at home when there are no orthopedic problems makes no sense and only causes discomfort to the child. It is better to buy your child sensible (prophylactic) shoes. Basic criteria to help you choose the right shoes for your child. Dense back, flexible, pliable, ridged sole, small heel 0.5-1.0 cm, preferably leather shoes, supinating, but not too high, not too tight (big toe must not be pressed too much against the rest), not 'tight' (margin 0.5-1.0 cm), should not wear over others.

Asymptomatic locomotor flatfoot alone does not require treatment. Children with symptomatic movement flatfoot can be treated with special individual orthoses (rational footwear) and especially with exercises for children with flatfoot to train body balance.

Conservative treatment of children with rigid flatfoot is ineffective and is aimed at reducing pain before the upcoming surgical treatment. Choosing comfortable footwear, limiting physical activity, and weight control are necessary. There are a number of surgical treatments for stiffness. The choice of surgical treatment in children is always individual.

If you have any doubts about the correct shape of your child's feet, it is always best to see an orthopedist.

The 6 most important questions about congenital hip dislocation

1. Why does hip dysplasia occur?

Hip joint abnormalities occur during a child's fetal development, but the exact causes of hip dysplasia are still unknown to modern medicine. It is believed that heredity, infectious diseases during pregnancy, unfavorable environmental conditions, bad habits of pregnant women (drug and alcohol abuse) and the brainless position of the fetus have an impact on the development of HIP.

(2) Does hip dysplasia always lead to congenital hip dislocation?

Always, but sometimes not until the child is old enough to stand, walk, etc. Symptoms become more apparent.

3 Can Chiropractors Treat a Congenital Dislocation of the Hip?

No, they can't. You must understand that BBD is not a simple traumatic dislocation, but the result of a defect in the hip joint itself. An experienced chiropractor can, in some cases, reposition the joint, but this does not preclude that an abduction brace or even surgery will subsequently be required because if the root cause (DTS) is not addressed, the problem will persist.

4. Isn't it better to operate on hip dysplasia right away?

Surgical intervention in the developing joint will not bring positive results, therefore DTS in a child is always corrected by wearing orthoses as part of the comprehensive treatment of the pathology.

5 How can a congenital hip dislocation be recognized in good time?

The diagnosis of a hip dislocation is probably made late. The best solution is to detect the DTS before the subluxation or dislocation occurs. For timely detection of DTS, the child should be examined by an orthopedist in the first few days after birth, with a mandatory hip ultrasound, and then re-examined in the same way at three months of age, or earlier if HIP is suspected .

Clinical prognosis

The key to a favorable prognosis is early diagnosis of DFS. If treatment is initiated in a timely manner, it is possible to eliminate DVB completely or even prevent its development when DFS is discovered in infancy. After the first three to four months of a child's life, the prospects for successful conservative treatment are poorer and the necessary therapy takes much longer.

Delayed treatment often means only pain relief and restoration of the ability to support the leg. Hip arthroplasty can successfully solve both problems, but it can only be performed in adult patients with a mature skeleton.

What are the complications?

If the problem is diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, then the child's condition will gradually normalize and there will be no negative consequences. In neglected cases, the function of the limb is not restored even after foot surgery, leaving the child disabled. Other episodes:

• shortening of the limbs;
• scoliosis;
• osteochondrosis;
• hip, knee and ankle deformities;
• Arthritis;
• chronic synovitis;
• Deichlander disease.

prevention and prognosis

To prevent the development of a valgus deformity in a child under one year old, the load on the lower limbs should be eliminated. Do not insist that the child learn to walk if they are not ready. It is important to massage your feet regularly, learn to bathe, strengthen your body and take outdoor walks. Older children should sleep on an orthopedic mattress, wear comfortable, good-quality shoes, exercise, and minimize their sedentary habits. If PVDS is suspected, you should see a pediatric orthopedist to find out the cause of the condition, perform diagnostic tests, and initiate treatment. If you observe the above principles of prevention and do not engage in self-treatment, then the problem can be treated conservatively and without undesirable complications and consequences.

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Why is tiptoeing bad?

What problems will someone who has walked on tiptoe since childhood face in the future?

• First, a person with foot problems will be limited in their activities: unlike others, it will be difficult for them to play sports, participate in physical games, etc.
• Second, the shape of the foot itself becomes crooked. This can make fitting shoes difficult in the future.
• And finally and most importantly: Toe walking sets in motion a cascade of orthopedic problems. Every time a child tiptoes, the knee joint is 'loaded'. The extra stress on the spine (e.g. heavy bags) leads to injuries and inflammation. The joint gradually collapses. The pelvis then begins to twist'. The spine suffers from the lack of cushioning. The lumbar spine is heavily loaded. A pillar of the spine becomes severely overloaded, leading to scoliosis. As you can see, one 'pulls' the other.

Can toe walking be prevented?

How to accompany a child who walks on tiptoe so that it does not reach the point of no return? This is one of the most common questions I hear. The answer is. When a toddler stands on tiptoe at the table and tries to see what's on top with his hands, there's nothing wrong with that. But if at the same time they tiptoe a few meters to another object, then something is wrong.

The problem usually begins with the child walking the path first on tiptoe, then on a full foot, and then on tiptoe again.

Is there a risk age? Yes, and the first is before the age of one. If the child, while lying or sitting on the bed (still unable to get up), pulls on his socks know it's something serious and you need to address it right away.

Then there is a risk that toe walking will develop at a certain point in time When the child has just woken up. It stands straight on its feet. A soft mattress can have an effect: the toes applying pressure appear to fall inward. The foot does not stand on the whole foot, but on the toes.

The next stage at risk of developing toe walking is at an age when when the child begins to walk properly. It unconsciously seeks the position in which it is most comfortable. This is a time when parents need to be very vigilant. I recommend observing the child for a few days. Observe and analyze whether or not a negative trend is emerging.

By the way, there is another, seemingly inconspicuous cause - diapers. The child develops a gait in them that can injure his feet. Pampers, as they are called, prevent walking with closed legs. The child's legs are spread to the side. This happens subconsciously - the child simply changes gait to get rid of the discomfort.

When an adult child stands on its toes for no apparent reason, this is another important problem. There can be several reasons for this. There may be a lower back injury. For example, when learning the somersault, the parents left the child unhappy. If the child is injured, it may be necessary to walk on tiptoe as the whole foot can be painful to support.

• Causes of tiptoe walking in babies.
• The child walks on its toes.
• Toe movement in children.
• Tiptoe walking.
• A person walks on tiptoe.
• Tiptoe as an adult.
• Massage for flat feet.
• A child begins to have clubfoot between the ages of 1 and 5.