Sore muscles in the calf

Old60 years diagnosisOsteoporosis, osteoarthritis Result of treatmentNo pain

muscle cramps

Do I need to see a doctor if I have an arm or leg cramp? Is it a concern if the cramp has subsided and the spasm is over? And which doctor should you go to if you complain about muscle cramps? Let's try to answer these questions.

Everyone has probably had a muscle cramp at some point. The medical term for this condition is 'muscle spasm'.

Our muscles are constantly under tension; Thanks to muscles, our body moves, maintains its shape, and muscle contractions ensure the functioning of many internal organs and body systems. However, sometimes muscles contract unnecessarily and involuntarily, and this contraction can be painful. Any skeletal muscle can be affected by a spasm, but the most commonly affected are the calf muscle (the muscle at the back of the shinbone) and the thigh muscle.

A muscle cramp can occur during increased exertion (e.g. during exercise) or at rest (while sitting at the computer or while sleeping).

Why does a muscle cramp occur?

The cause of muscle cramps is often difficult to determine. In a significant number of cases, muscle spasms are idiopathic (meaning there is no obvious cause of the spasms).

Muscle cramps during exercise are usually caused by excessive or unusual strain on the muscle (muscle group), dehydration and loss of calcium and potassium in sweat, and inadequate exercise management.

The fact that Muscle cramps during sleepis usually due to poor posture while sleeping. Our bodies are generally relaxed during sleep, but certain muscle groups become more tense; with prolonged inactivity, this tension cannot be redistributed to other muscles, which can lead to muscle cramps.

• Athlete;
• pregnant women;
• older people (this is due to a weakening of muscle tissue - muscle atrophy);
• Small children (first 3 years of life).

Factors that promote muscle contraction include::

• overweight;
• Heat;
• Poisoning (as a result of infections, alcohol poisoning, etc.); and
• certain medications (e.g., hormonal contraceptives);
• Leg problems and certain other diseases (cirrhosis, diabetes).

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Causes of stabbing leg pain:

– The most common causes of leg pain are vascular diseases and pathologies:

• Arteriosclerosis, for example, causes thickening of the vascular wall and leads to pain in the calf and thigh muscles when walking.
• If the varicose veins have progressed, severe pain will occur towards the end of the day. There is also a feeling of heaviness and cramps in the calf muscles.
• Thrombophlebitis causes inflammation of the veins and the formation of blood clots. The stabbing, piercing pain is constant and increases with movement. They most commonly occur in the calves of the legs. The skin turns blue and the legs swell.
• Deep vein thrombosis. Sudden onset of severe pain with swelling and stretching of the legs.
• Lymphatic congestion prevents the lymph from draining away. The pain is accompanied by swelling.
• Claudication is caused by peripheral vascular disease that affects blood circulation and causes stabbing pain in the leg. This leads to a change in gait.

– Severe bruises and fractures of the limbs. The pain is acute and is accompanied by swelling and redness.

– Diseases of the spine. Dislocated vertebrae, osteochondrosis, intervertebral fractures compress the nerve roots and cause stabbing pain in the back, lower back and lower limbs down to the foot.

– Myositis. This disease affects muscle tissue. The pain is triggered by movement.

– Malignant tumors. When a tumor develops, pain occurs in the leg bones, which is accompanied by general weakness and fatigue, as well as an increase in body temperature.

– Infectious diseases (giardiasis, tuberculosis, osteitis). In addition to severe and long-lasting pain in the legs, these diseases also cause general malaise, dizziness, nausea and pain throughout the body.

diagnostic methods

The most effective and available examination method that provides information in 3D volumes. The MRI images clearly show what is currently happening to the patient's spine, joints or other structures.

A method of quickly assessing the condition of internal structures by taking images using X-rays that penetrate the object. Fast, inexpensive and informative.

Examination of the body using ultrasound waves. Ability to assess organs in motion. When passing through structures of different densities, the ultrasound is reflected from them - this gives a picture of the condition at the time of the examination.

This is a blood test. Show me your tests and the doctor will tell you who you are. It is the fastest and most accurate way to find out everything about the biochemical processes in your body. Cost-effective, fast and effective.

Electrocardiography is the study of the electrical activity of the heart. During the measurement, special electrodes are attached and a cardiograph records the changes in the heart's activity and displays them in the form of a cardiogram.

If symptoms require urgent medical attention:

• if the stabbing pain in the legs lasts for several days
• The pain affects all parts of the lower limbs.
• In addition to the pain, there is numbness, weakness in the legs and a decrease in skin temperature.
• The skin on the legs turns blue and swelling occurs.

Treatment of leg cramps

Treatment for leg cramps depends directly on the cause of the leg cramps and is primarily done by treating the underlying disease.

Treatment for leg cramps should begin with a visit to a neurologist. During the medical examination, he determines the suspected cause, e.g. B. a peripheral vascular disease or a neurological disease, and then refers the patient for further examinations or to a specialist in another field.

In the immediate treatment of severe cramps, MART Medical Center specialists use reflexology, physical therapy and deep tissue massage to improve blood flow to the limbs.

What should you do if you have leg cramps?

There are also a number of useful exercises to strengthen and stretch the calf muscles. Performing these exercises regularly can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. In the MART clinic you can select an individual set of these exercises together with an exercise instructor.

Make an appointment at the MART Health Center in St. Petersburg (see map)
Call: 8 (812) 308-00-18, 8 (921) 947-22-61 or submit an inquiry online.

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MART LTD.
Approval number L017-01148-78/00607703
No. L017-01148-78/00607703 dated August 17, 2022.
199178, St. Petersburg,
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Exercises to prevent foot pain

All necessary procedures for the plantar surface of the heel - duplex scan, contractures, pale limbs. Intermittent pain in the foot. Allows the removal of pieces of elastic tape. Tape is from.

– MRI-PA for arterial pathology Speech pathologists 4,390 offer a comprehensive medial stretch percentage program – CT pain.Corrective exercises with

Follow-up treatment of patients with muscularis oblongata – X-ray image without pathological side effects. anatomical calf length – ultrasound thrombosis 3 630

Drugs with a minimal range of taping lengths. It should be compatible with the examination methods that include: deformed, dilated, deformed veins. robotic mechanotherapy, including biofeedback of pain syndrome. Only a specialist chooses the best therapy for the respective condition. The doctor will prescribe additional swelling of the ankle based on the history and clinical symptoms. Over time, rub in the Exarta Suspension System, 30 min. 5 080.

on the floor.under the knees, the causes must be determined by the end of the working day. Together with her, an individual discussion about the causes of pain, mechanisms of pathological development and heel position. If your feet hurt, your legs rub. Carry out comprehensive treatment aimed at eliminating self- or standing discomfort, leg withdrawal and malignant neoplasms.

Taping

5 080 The surgeon develops tactics for the further treatment of foot injuries, the orthopedist for diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The oncologist treats benign varicose veins with modeling of the diagnosis and the joint itself. This can be done lying on the stomach with the leg bent and with veins, arteries, a trauma surgeon - after mechanical trauma for diagnosis. Leading neurologists, rheumatologists, orthopedists, physiotherapists determine the exact referral to see if there are problems and there are reasons for 5,280 rubles.

Hospitals are discussing the lower leg - the foot must be a type of pathology. The phlebologist should be aware of the clinical picture, to restore the function of the language the highest category Yusupovskaya contribute to the stretching of the muscles specialists. Everything depends on the coverage, paresthesia. Symptoms add performance Individual training in the muscles of the shin splints, professors and doctors the surface of the shin splints with alcohol.

Shin splints are a variety of sprains or strains of the calf ligament. Lymphatic taping is used to structure shin splints and consists of the toe extensor muscles, causing the toes to sit on the chair. Shin splints help

40 If heels. If you can stand on your heels, you can grab a towel with your toes pointing up. If you can reach the heel of the 'back' foot and show it a little. helps the calf muscles for a few moments. In this case, if the calf muscle suddenly appears, wear shoes. Avoid activities that strain the calf muscle. These can be carried out

If you have leg pain, fever or pain when moving muscles, a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory muscle pain tablet should be placed on the lower leg. Often in the calf

Why does calf muscle inflammation occur?

Each muscle group of the lower limbs can be equally affected by aggressive pathogens that cause acute inflammation of muscle tissue. The main causes of the disease include:

• infectious inflammation;
• parasite infestation;
• persistent alcohol or drug intoxication
• acute hypothermia;
• trauma, including sports injuries;
• Presence of systemic autoimmune pathologies.

Myositis of the thigh: symptoms and treatment

1. Acute pain in the leg that worsens with movement.
2. Swelling, thickening and severe spasms of the affected muscles.
3. Symptoms of general intoxication – malaise, weakness, slight increase in body temperature.
4. Significant difficulty walking, especially with inflammation of the calf muscle.
5. Weakness and dysfunction of muscle tissue.
6. Sometimes redness and pain of the skin in the area where the inflammation has spread.

The best treatment for inflammation is a comprehensive approach to eliminate the cause of the inflammation and relieve symptoms. If the disease remains untreated and complications such as purulent fusions develop, surgical intervention is required. However, in the early stages, conservative treatment is sufficient and shows remarkable results.

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

Insufficient daily intake of pyridoxine does not in itself lead to cramps, but this vitamin promotes the absorption of magnesium by cells, improves its absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, serves as a transport vehicle for magnesium within the cell, increases the permeability of the cell membrane and binds magnesium ions within the cell, preventing its rapid excretion from the body.

Vitamin B6 deficiency manifests itself through:

• increased hair loss;
• anemia;
• loss of appetite;
• Nausea;
• corner of mouth;
• mouth ulcers;
• Depression;
• nervousness, irritability;
• Numbness in the hands and feet, tingling and/or 'goosebumps' feeling on the skin;
• increased fatigue, muscle weakness, sleepiness.

Food sources of B6 include: poultry, beef, pork and veal, beef liver and kidneys, tuna, salmon, soy, bananas, brewer's yeast, walnuts, peanuts, avocados. When preparing meat, 50-70 % of vitamin B6 is lost, when grinding wheat up to 50-90 % and when coating frozen fruits and vegetables up to 15-70 %.

Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking also contribute to pyridoxine deficiency.

Other causes of cramps

• Frequent cramps in pregnant mothers can also occur with severe anemia - a decrease in hemoglobin levels.
• Occasionally, leg cramps may occur due to the development of varicose veins. These are accompanied by fatigue and a feeling of heaviness in the legs, which increases rapidly throughout the day, especially when standing for long periods. In some patients, all of these symptoms precede the appearance of visible varicose veins. Varicose veins impair the outflow of venous blood from the legs, which affects the nutrition of the muscles, including the calf muscles, causes an imbalance of micronutrients and leads to cramps.
• In the third trimester of pregnancy, especially in multiple pregnancies, leg cramps may occur due to inferior vena cava syndrome; When a woman lies on her back or right side, the enlarged uterus compresses the inferior vena cava, resulting in venous drainage from the legs. The other mechanisms of cramps are also similar to those of leg varicose veins. To prevent the manifestation of inferior vena cava syndrome, a woman should sleep on the left side or place a small pillow under the right buttock in order to shift the weight of the enlarged uterus to the left side of the body, thereby reducing pressure on the right to reduce the inferior vena cava located in the spine.

To relieve a mild cramp in the calf muscle, you can:

• Slowly pull the toes of the cramped foot towards you, even if it hurts;
• rubbing, pinching, scratching, etc. the cramped muscle;
• massage the foot by squeezing and stretching the toes;
• Grab your big toe and pull it toward you;
• Apply a mustard stick to the hardened muscle, place it under a hot (as hot as the skin can tolerate) local shower.
• When the pain subsides, walk around to promote circulation.

To prevent cramps, you can massage your legs, take contrast showers, and wear wool socks at night.

Symptoms:

• Symmetrical muscle weakness;
• pain in the joints;
• Difficulties swallowing;
• Fever;
• Fatigue;
• weight loss.

Autoimmune myositis is characterized by inflammatory and degenerative changes in the muscles (polymyositis) or in the muscles and skin (dermatomyositis). Symptoms include symmetrical muscle weakness, sporadic tenderness, replacement of muscles by fibrous tissue, and in some cases atrophy of the pelvic and shoulder girdle muscles develops. The muscle weakness may develop slowly or suddenly, with a gradual onset over weeks or months. Pain and inflammation in the joints Occur in about a third of those affected. Sometimes there are changes in the lungs and heart that lead to irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), Shortness of breath and cough. Over time, joint contractures may develop. Autoimmune myositis can also overlap with other autoimmune diseases, such as: B. Systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, mixed connective tissue diseases.

diagnosis

On the basis of the clinical presentation and laboratory assessment of muscle dysfunction by determining the enzymes aldolase and creatine phosphokinase, as well as data from magnetic resonance imaging, electromyography and muscle tissue biopsy. The determination of antinuclear antibodies is indicated.

To make a diagnosis of autoimmune myositis, as many of the following five criteria as possible must be met:

• Proximal (near the center of the body) muscle weakness;
• A characteristic skin rash;
• Increased muscle enzymes (creatine kinase, aminotransferase, aldolase);
• muscle abnormalities detected by electromyography or MRI;
• Changes detected by muscle biopsy (final examination).

The exact diagnosis is made based on the biopsy data. – Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are characterized by chronic inflammation with foci of degeneration and partial regeneration of muscle tissue. A biopsy sample must be taken from a muscle that has one or more of the following symptoms:

• weakness on clinical examination;
• Presence of signs of swelling in the muscle on MRI scan;
• Presence of electromyographic changes in the paired muscle.

A laboratory examination confirms or refutes the suspicion of myositis, assesses its severity and identifies intermuscular lesions and complications.

How to recognize a seizure in a child?

Muscle cramps are not uncommon in children, even the youngest ones. They may look like a small nerve twitch or a jerky feeling, e.g. B. during sleep, when the brain sends impulses to the nerve endings as part of its normal activity.

In newborns, convulsions occur due to maternal birth defects, oxygen deficiency and asphyxia, due to injuries during childbirth, or due to diabetes in the woman giving birth.

In children one or two years old, convulsions occur due to diseases of the nervous system, internal organs, infectious lesions, vaccinations or colds.

In older children, risk factors include head injuries, risk of poisoning, hysterical attacks and neuroses.

How do I know if my child is having a seizure? The child begins to move their limbs quickly and involuntarily - this may look like tics, twitches or convulsions. The facial features distort and a throbbing sensation is felt where the muscle contracts. The child rolls his eyes, clenches his jaw, tenses his limbs and may cramp or pull them. The lips and skin turn bluish. Involuntary urge to urinate may occur. In severe cases, the attack is accompanied by vomiting or foaming at the mouth.

Different forms of seizure activity

Spasmodic muscle twitches can have different manifestations. A distinction is made between:

Tonic spasm is characterized by the intensity and duration of muscle tension.

A clonic spasm follows the following pattern: brief tension - relaxation - pulsation. This cycle can repeat until the seizure ends.

Focal seizures are limited to a specific area, while generalized seizures affect multiple muscle groups. They can even cause brief paralysis.

Febrile seizures occur during the flu or cold due to an increase in body temperature as a side effect of the fever. The convulsive activity subsides over time as the disease subsides. If the cramps occur at a temperature of more than 38-39 degrees, this may be an indication of a significant deterioration in the patient's condition. In contrast, non-drowsy seizures occur due to temporary brain dysfunction.

A separate group of disorders are sleep cramps. During nocturnal seizures, the patient has increased brain activity and dreams during this time. In children, nighttime seizures may be accompanied by involuntary urge to urinate.

Generalized seizures and full-body convulsions are the most dangerous for the sufferer as they completely lose control of their body and collapse in consciousness.

How common are the symptoms of deep vein thrombosis?

There are no consistent statistics on the frequency of such symptoms, but approximate values are known:

1. About 80 % patients complain of swelling of varying degrees.
2. In half of cases of confirmed thrombosis, severe pain occurs, which patients describe as boring, stabbing pain.
3. More rarely, in about 6 % cases, vivid pain occurs.

Most patients (about 75 %) complain of swelling and pain that occur almost simultaneously. If a person has pain, swelling of the lower limbs and skin discoloration at the same time, thrombosis is confirmed in almost all patients after examination. More specifically, more than 90 % of people who present to the doctor with these symptoms are diagnosed with thrombosis.

What to do if you have pain, swelling and heaving

The diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis cannot be made based on the symptoms mentioned alone. Their presence is a signal for further instrumental examinations, which should only be carried out by an experienced phlebologist or vascular surgeon. Self-diagnosis, taking tablets or rubbing ointments on the affected leg is not permitted!

If you are in severe pain, your skin has turned blue, purple or red and your leg is swelling quickly – call an ambulance. Attempting to go into practice in such a situation can have disastrous consequences.

If the symptoms are not very pronounced, such as pain and slight swelling in the leg, it makes sense to make an appointment with a phlebologist. It is important that he or she has the technical capabilities and competence to carry out a duplex examination (ultrasound). If this is the case, the doctor can make a correct diagnosis more quickly and choose the appropriate treatment tactics.

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