How to correct a clubfoot in a child

Danger! Group sports courses have a good effect. They encourage children of all ages to exercise.

Massage for clubfoot in children: early correction of the disease

Massage for club feet in children – an almost unbeatable option for treating congenital anomalies. The most important thing is timely detection of the anomaly. Massage can completely relieve a child of a disease that becomes incurable in adulthood. The misalignment, which remains throughout life, brings with it some complications for its wearer.

Clubfoot is more common on both sides, with boys being the main contingent. In addition to the external symptoms - the edge of the sole is turned inwards - the pathology causes a noticeable restriction of mobility in the ankle joint. The deformed foot affects the function of the foot and its shape and affects gait and posture. Massage for clubfoot in children helps to relax the muscles of the lower limbs - the internal and external groups - and reduce their increased tone. This is done using the usual massage techniques:
- Cancel;
– shaking;
– stretching; Shake; Stretching and vibrating.

To strengthen the stretched and weakened muscles of the lower limbs - front/external groups, more intensive manipulations are used:
– kneading;
– rubbing;
- Beat.

Massage techniques in the treatment of clubfoot

Massage in the treatment of clubfoot in children is recommended after general strengthening treatment. The sequence of the massage is as follows:
– First the feet are stroked – all the way down, then the shins, thighs, Achilles tendon and soles of the feet are massaged alternately.
– Stroke the thigh by stroking the back of the thigh from the back of the knee to the crease of the buttocks. Knead the thigh vigorously and shake gently to relax the muscles.
– Massage of the lower leg with differentiation of the hind leg.
– The stroke is carried out from the heel to the back of the knee, with the hand being guided along the calf muscle.
– The clubfoot massage in children continues with stroking the Achilles tendon. The Achilles tendon is also stretched and supplemented with vibration. During treatment, the foot should be in a slight pronation position so that the outer edge is raised. During the massage, the inner edge of the foot is stretched and the outer edge is tightened.

The next step in massaging children with clubfoot is to massage the front surface of the feet:
– The foot is stroked lengthwise, then moving to the back of the foot – during the massage the foot is held at a 90 degree angle to the lower extremity.
– We massage the foot with different types of friction – pinching, stroking, pressing, stroking, sliding and light stroking.
– Rub the ankle and knuckles thoroughly in a circular motion. The foot should be well supported (slight pronation position).
– Massage the front of the shinbone using vigorous rubbing, pressure and light rubbing and stroking movements.
– When massaging children with clubfoot, the knee joint is rubbed and stroked in circular movements.
– The foot is blocked so that the hand rests on the sole of the foot, which is bent backwards while pressure is applied to the outer edge of the foot. The foot is then turned slightly outwards.
– The foot is turned outwards. The movement occurs along the longitudinal axis, gently lowering the inside of the foot and raising the outside.

'Therapeutic gymnastics and massage for congenital clubfoot' (parents' guide).

Anatomically, clubfoot is a congenital contracture of the ankle joints that results in an abnormal relationship between the bones and gross muscle changes.

Diagnosing congenital clubfoot is not difficult; The main symptoms are: inward rotation of the sole with elevation of the inside foot and lowering of the outside foot, adduction of the forefoot, flexion of the sole and significant limitation of mobility of the ankle joints.

If the child walks on the affected foot, the deformity increases, the form and function of the entire foot are impaired, gait and posture are disturbed.

Treatment should begin as early as possible, that is, in the first days of the child's life. At a young age, when the child's muscles and ligaments are malleable and well stretched, it is possible to place the foot in the correct position.

Gymnastics and massage are combined with orthopedic treatments. Special massages and corrective exercises are performed in combination with age- and development-appropriate general massage and gymnastics.

1. the child lies on his stomach. Bend the child's leg at the knee joint; hold the lower leg with one hand and lightly press the child's foot with the palm of the other hand to bend it backwards. This exercise stretches the heel tendon and eliminates the flexion of the sole of the foot.

(2) For the same purpose, you can also perform the exercise lying on your back. With one hand, press your child's shin against the table and hold on to the ankle. With your other hand, grasp the foot so that the hand rests on the sole of the foot and bend the foot slightly backwards while pressing on the outer edge of the foot. A combination of flexing the foot and simultaneous acupressure at the junction of the back of the foot and lower leg is effective.

The causes of most cases of scoliosis are unknown

'Since I was 14 years old, my spine has looked like a dollar sign. It's called bilateral S-shaped scoliosis,' says Maria X. 'But from the outside I don't find it very noticeable, no one is staring at me. But experts can see the problem even through my sweater.

At the age of 35, I learned that most severe scoliosis results from causes that science does not yet fully understand. And I was very relieved about that! It was important for me to know that it was no one's fault.

I was diagnosed with stage one at the age of 9, stage two at the age of 12, and stage four at the age of 14. In between there were massages, physiotherapy and the odd manipulation by a few dubious specialists. Every year the x-rays got worse and worse, my mom got upset, and I thought it was because I was doing the physical therapy wrong. Today I know that no gymnastics helps in such cases, and back then they couldn't offer us anything else.

"Today the term 'idiopathic adolescent scoliosis' has become commonplace," says Vladimir Kenis, commenting on the case. 'Idiopathic' means 'unknown causes' in Greek. Of course there are always causes, but the knowledge of modern science is not sufficient to clearly understand this cause.'

There are currently three known diseases in which the likelihood of developing scoliosis is very high.
First, there are congenital anomalies of the spine. These anomalies can manifest as scoliosis at birth or only later during periods of intense growth, especially in adolescence, when all scoliosis tends to develop.
'These anomalies can be pronounced or not pronounced,' explains Vladimir Kenis. – A few decades ago, during the Soviet Union, the dysplastic theory of scoliosis was widespread in our country - it was believed that scoliosis was caused by a combination of minor changes, such as: B. Posterior spina bifida and spina bifida, fusion and abnormal segmentation of the vertebrae. However, at present, the dysplastic theory of scoliosis is not widespread worldwide, and Russian orthopedists also adhere to the concept of idiopathic scoliosis.
The second cause is various neurological diseases. In many neurological diseases, such as B. Cerebral palsy, spinal muscular atrophy or spina bifida, the likelihood of scoliosis is extremely high. However, it is not yet possible to clearly determine which patients with neurological diseases will develop scoliosis.
The third cause is inherited bone characteristics. There is a high probability of progressive scoliosis in various diseases that manifest themselves as osteoporosis - these include various systemic skeletal dysplasias and serious hereditary diseases such as imperfect osteogenesis (congenital bone fragility).
'Between these three factors appears to lie the root cause of idiopathic scoliosis, which scientists will one day identify,' says the doctor.

Treatment of scoliosis: physiotherapy, plaster cast, surgery

The first 1-2 degrees of scoliosis are treated conservatively.

'The first line of defense in the early stages of idiopathic scoliosis is exercise. Gymnastics for scoliosis is the most physiological and gentlest measure and should be used whenever possible' – says the doctor.

You can start with classic scoliosis exercises that you can find on the Internet. Among the author's techniques, Katarina Schroth's gymnastics based on asymmetrical exercises is considered effective.

The second line of defense for scoliosis is brace therapy. It aims not so much at compressing the spine to bring it into the correct shape, but at allowing it to move in the right direction and thus correct its deformation.

This idea was most developed with the corsets of the famous French orthopedist Jacques Chenot. His method has proven very effective in the treatment of moderate scoliosis.

The Cheneau corset is an active corrective device in the form of a specially shaped plastic vest (so-called rigid prosthetic sleeve). It has fasteners (buckles or Velcro), special compression and stretch zones.
The Cheneau brace is designed to stop and reduce the progression of spinal curvature in scoliosis (curvature correction). This corset was invented in the early 1970s by former French military orthopedist Jean Jacques Chenot.
The Chenot corset is made exclusively individually and needs to be changed about once a year as the child grows. A Chenot corset costs an average of 70,000 rubles in Russia. However, it is possible to get one for free. How can you do that?
The presence of progressive scoliosis in children is the basis for issuing a disability certificate. As a rule, disability is recognized for grade III-IV scoliosis, and in some cases also for grade II. If disability is determined, compensation can be requested for, among other things, the purchase of a Chenot orthosis.

Congenital clubfoot

Congenital clubfoot is a combination of various defects that primarily affect the development and formation of the fetal musculoskeletal system. Very often this pathology is caused by a combination of disorders not only of the skeletal system, but also of the muscular and nervous systems.

This results in a distorted foot configuration. You can find out how clubfoot can be corrected and treated at the Belozerova M-Clinic Apparatus Therapy Center.

Congenital clubfoot, which must be treated from an early age, is accompanied by restricted movement of the ankle joint, which prevents the child from walking. The condition can result in the child not being able to fit in with a child group, which is why good and safe treatment is crucial for the child's socialization.

Treatment of clubfoot

Treatment for clubfoot can be conservative or surgical. Treatment and diagnostic tactics are developed by a podiatrist who examines the child at the time of decertification (established by the state).

Conservative treatment aims to correct the misalignment of the foot without surgery and is carried out permanently for mild clubfoot. Bandaging of the foot begins in the first few weeks of the child's life to shape its correct position.

It should not be forgotten that congenital clubfoot, like other forms of clubfoot, is accompanied by muscle, nerve and bone abnormalities, which is why it is very important to promote the uniform growth of these systems in the child.

The main methods of stimulating the growth of these musculoskeletal structures are painless, safe and very effective physiotherapeutic methods.

The use of physical therapy for clubfoot is a complementary method to correct this condition. Massages for clubfoot should be differentiated depending on the level of development of the muscle groups of the lower limbs. Clubfoot massage and clubfoot physiotherapy are also methods of rehabilitation for children after surgical treatment of severe foot curvature.

STEPS OF A WISE MOTHER

It's worth thinking about the correct posture for your child while he or she is still in the stroller. A wise mother will not carry her baby in one arm for a long time - this is not good for his spine. Start massaging your baby at one and a half or two months of age and do not give up this activity before a year. Do not put your baby on a pillow if he or she cannot yet sit. Don't spend hours in a folding stroller with a sagging bottom. Don't teach him to walk too early or to hold on one hand. Instead, encourage him to crawl as often as possible - a great way to strengthen his neck and back muscles. A prudent mother will teach her baby to sleep on her right side, but not curled up. This allows the muscles to relax and rest. She will not allow an older child to read while lying on their side or back with a large pillow under their head. She will buy him a school bag for school, not a briefcase, and she will strongly oppose turning his school bag into a shoulder bag, at least until sixth or seventh grade. And she will also explain to him that weights should not be carried in one hand, but rather spread over both hands: it is better for your back to carry two buckets of water than one. When her son decides to imitate the supermen and walk with his feet spread wide, toes turned out, jaw clenched and shoulders hunched, she will find the right words to stop him from walking like a movie dancer. It's never too late to work on your attitude. Even at the age of 15-16, it is still possible to straighten the back so that the curvature of the spine is not noticeable in clothes. However, this requires a lot of effort and training under medical supervision. But why wait until your back becomes crooked, isn't it better to start taking care of it now?

Corrective exercises for children aged 5-7 years with early-stage physiological scoliosis

A child's poor posture not only affects his appearance, but also his health today and in the future. These simple exercises will help a child with early-stage physiological scoliosis overcome poor posture.

USEFUL INFORMATION.

The following exercises are useful for good posture – Cycling with the handlebars held up. - To swim. Freestyle swimming on the back and breaststroke for a stooped position. All swimming styles for round backstrokes and breaststroke for side bends. – Archery – especially when curving to the side, but not on the side where the spine is curved. – Riding (not if you have a flat back, as the elastic function of the spine is disturbed). When moving, the spine stretches, creating a strong 'muscle corset' and strengthening the correct posture. – Perform exercises in the vertical plane: stand properly against a wall, then alternately move your arms and legs from side to side, rise on tiptoes and squat. – Carry various objects on your head: cubes, blocks filled with salt, sand or sawdust. Walking on tiptoes, with legs half bent, squatting, crawling on all fours, climbing up and down a climbing wall without dropping blocks. – To practice motor coordination: do a 'swallow', stand on one leg, walk on a balance beam. NOT TO HELP Maintain correct posture – Riding a bike with your feet low on the handlebars. – Riding a scooter. – Some sports such as tennis, badminton and fencing, which require asymmetrical movements, can cause lateral curvature of the spine. Also boxing (the boxing posture leads to a stooped and rounded back) and acrobatics, rhythmic and artistic gymnastics and wrestling at primary school age - these sports bend and mobilize the spine, which can later have a bad effect on posture. – Prolonged standing or jumping on one leg. – Lifting heavy weights in a bent position instead of using the strength of the legs. Holding weights with your arms outstretched. Literature used
'Warning' No. 10, 2008.

HINTS: 0 1801110945

How can you correct your posture?

Step 1. Perform the tests described above to determine whether your child has posture problems. If this is the case, a series of exercises can be tried to correct the uneven posture.

Step 2. Ask your child to press their buttocks, back of the head, and heels against a wall and stand like that for 1-2 minutes every day. He or she should try to remember the posture and maintain it while walking or doing everyday activities.

Step 3. The neck muscles can be relaxed with a massage ball. Place it under the neck of the lying baby and ask him to move his head from side to side for 5 minutes.

Step 4. It's a good idea to stretch your neck muscles in other ways every day by tilting your head from side to side and downward with your hands.

Step 5. A series of back exercises is required every day. They help develop muscles. It is important that the complex for the child is selected by the doctor.

causes

The cause of Fragile X syndrome is a significant increase in CGG repeats (more than 200) in the FMR1 gene (Xq27.3), leading to disruption of FMR protein synthesis. This protein is involved in regulating the expression/translation of many different types of mRNAs that encode proteins involved in the development/maintenance of the synaptic neuronal communication system. It should be noted that the number of repetitions in the range of 60-200 (premutation) is associated with a high risk of increasing the number of repetitions in subsequent generations and thus developing the disease.

Martin-Bell syndrome is a sex-linked (X chromosome) disease. Martin-Bell syndrome is inherited dominantly with incomplete penetrance. Since men only have one X chromosome, the mutated allele always causes the disease. Women have two X chromosomes, one active and one inactive. Therefore, women cannot get the disease if there is a mutation in either FMR1 gene. Men with a defective X chromosome cannot pass it on to their sons, but they pass it on to all their daughters, who may be healthy carriers of the mutation or have the disease. At the same time, women with a defective chromosome have a 50 percent chance of passing it on to their children of either sex. In this case, the inheritance of the syndrome becomes more common from generation to generation (Sherman paradox).

symptoms

The main symptom of Martin-Bell syndrome in boys is mental retardation, manifested by a significant reduction in intelligence and a lack of development of complex logical/abstract thinking and memory. These patients do not understand abstract/logical statements/sentences, are unable to draw analogies and generalize information. The vocabulary is extremely poor. Analysis, comparison and generalization are possible only at a primitive level, especially in certain domestic situations. Most patients have IQ scores in the range of 40-50, rarely reaching 70-80. The visual perception/naming language is preserved. In girls, cognitive decline is less pronounced and generally corresponds to borderline intellectual development, less often to mild development Oligophrenia. The typical manifestations of the disorder also include speech abnormalities, which manifest themselves as accelerated, confused, repetitive, compulsive repetition of a sentence.

ASD manifests itself in communication difficulties, both within the family and in society, and behavioral disorders. These children are often withdrawn, do not make eye contact, avoid social interactions, and are aggressive when you try to approach them. In more severe cases, language as a means of communication is completely missing (Mutism).

The characteristic signs of Martin-Bell syndrome include child phenotypic features such as a broad forehead and chin, a beak-like nose, large, low-set ears, an elongated face with a flattened center, a deformed chest, enlarged testicles and a strong arched palate. There is excessive joint mobility and increased body weight, Mitral valve prolapse.Hyperelasticity of the skin, the iris of the eyes often has a lighter shade. The severity of phenotypic symptoms can vary greatly, from one or two barely noticeable symptoms to a complete syndrome. An image of Martin-Bell syndrome is shown below.

Exercises to correct posture in children. When is the help of a doctor necessary?

Special therapeutic exercises (LFK) are indicated for severe posture disorders. Posture exercises for children – are a special complex that is prescribed only by a doctor for medical reasons after an external examination of the child. When choosing exercises, the doctor takes into account the individual characteristics of the child's body, the degree and type of spinal curvature and many other nuances.

Doctors identify the most important factors that can lead to a curvature of the spine.

1. An inactive lifestyle and lack of physical activity. Muscles are weakened by sitting at a desk for a long time, playing with a device, etc. Children of all ages should get plenty of exercise, go jogging, spend at least two hours a day outdoors in all weathers, and play outdoor games. Ideally, the child should attend a sports club and train regularly under the guidance of a trainer.
2. Excessive exercise. Dosing exercise and preventing injuries are essential for children's health. Excessive exercise is no less dangerous for children than a sedentary lifestyle. If you do not adhere to age-appropriate rules for the duration and intensity of exercise (for example, in preparation for sports competitions), the risk of injuries to the spine, back, neck and shoulder muscles increases significantly. Carrying a heavy and ergonomically unsuitable shoulder bag is also associated with poor posture.
3. Bad habits. Reading or playing with the smartphone while lying down, drawing in an awkward position, etc. gradually deforms the spine. Children should be taught to sit properly at the table.
4. Congenital bone anomalies. Doctors have identified a special group of children with weak back muscles and hereditary bone diseases. These children are at high risk of developing orthopedic diseases. For them, follow-up care with an orthopedist is essential. The orthopedist recommends preventive or therapeutic posture exercises for children at risk.
5. Wrong diet. An unbalanced daily diet is another factor that contributes to spinal curvature. The diet should contain minerals, vitamins, proteins, fats and carbohydrates in precisely defined daily amounts. When there is a lack of nutrients necessary for the growth and development of bone and muscle tissue, the risk of scoliosis increases. This is especially true for preschool children.
6. Poor organization of the workplace. Ergonomics is one of the most important points in a healthy posture program. Poor seating arrangements when playing, eating and doing homework will inevitably lead to curvature of the spine, even if all other medical recommendations are followed. If a child walks a lot, eats right and even does children's exercises for posture, but sits on the 'wrong' chair, all the parents' efforts are in vain.

'Growing' stool is the best prevention against scoliosis in children of all ages

From the moment a child begins to sit up independently, they need the 'right' chair. With this product, the height of the backrest, seat and footrest can be adjusted.

All parameters of a child-friendly product are appropriate:

Ordinary mass-produced chairs and adult models are not suitable for children of all ages. Such products are not adjustable, do not ensure correct posture, do not train the back muscles, do not teach children to sit correctly from an early age and cannot be adjusted as they grow. In addition, these models are made from cheap materials that are hazardous to health.

The best solution for parents is therefore to purchase a certified 'growing' chair from a reputable manufacturer.

Types of posture problems in children

Pay attention to the different types of spinal deformities in children between the ages of 6 and 16. They all have their characteristic symptoms and severity.

If any of the above symptoms occur, specialist help and a treatment and prevention package are required.

Laziness when chewing

If the child refuses to eat solid food and eats only pureed food (boys are particularly susceptible to this), the development of the dental-jaw system and the entire facial skeleton is impaired because the load necessary for development is missing. Not only does the child bite incorrectly, but the mushroom on the plate becomes a mushroom in the mouth and the child cannot pronounce its consonants. Gently but firmly teach your child to chew independently by giving him apples, carrots, and sliced meat instead of meatballs or meatballs.

Does your child often get colds, have sunken tonsils or a stuffy nose, constantly breathe through their mouth, or snore in bed? This is very unfortunate - the development of the lower and upper jaws is disturbed and they are becoming increasingly narrow, which means that not all permanent teeth will have enough space in their rows. Show your child to the ENT doctor and again to the orthodontist. Ideally, he sees every child between the ages of 2 and 3 in order to identify abnormalities in their teeth and facial growth and development early enough. These anomalies also occur with facial trauma or early extraction of baby teeth. A missing tooth leads to a change in the position of the neighboring teeth. They begin to move towards the extracted tooth.

As you can see, the causes of orthodontic problems are varied and should be identified as early as possible.

How can I help?

Bite problems are best identified as early as possible, i.e. before the age of 6 years. And the first visit to the orthodontist should take place at the age of 2 years. The doctor will recommend special exercises for the jaw and facial muscles, as well as breathing exercises so that the child learns to breathe through his nose and keep his mouth closed.

Special preorthodontic spoons for children aged 2 to 4 years will help normalize the bite and wean the child from sucking fingers and sponges, biting the cheek and tongue - the children will welcome this replacement.

When baby teeth fall out and are replaced by permanent teeth, flexible preorthodontic markers are an indispensable corrective tool: they help the permanent teeth to erupt properly and the upper jaw to catch up with the growth of the lower jaw. They are simply worn for 1 hour during the day and night to gradually improve the bite.

A good bite is important not only for beauty, but also for the child's health. Children with bad teeth are more susceptible to tooth decay, periodontal and temporomandibular joint problems, and possibly even problems with the digestive system. Therefore, it is advisable to have your child examined by a pediatric dentist or orthodontist as soon as possible.

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• Why does a child develop clubfoot?.
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• What to do if your child has clubfoot?.
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• Massage for flat feet.
• Clubfoot in children therapeutic exercises 7 years old.