Heels for girls 12

Both types of pedicure involve antiseptic treatment of the nail plate and surrounding skin. Before cutting, the toes are steamed in special baths or greased with an emollient cream. The cuticle is pulled back with an orange stick and the upper edge of the cuticle is cut off. Using pliers, the burrs are removed and the edges of the nail plate are trimmed to the desired shape.

Delicate heels without calluses and cracks: instructions for pedicure

Our feet are exposed to a lot of stress every day, and the rough skin is the foot's natural protective layer. However, sometimes hyperkeratosis occurs, which is both unsightly and uncomfortable. To keep your feet supple and healthy, they need constant care. Here's how to get rid of rough skin on your heels.

There are many causes of rough skin on the soles of the feet. The skin can be either an independent pathology with the development of further complications, or it can be a manifestation of a disease.

Here are the main possible causes of rough heels:

• Wearing tight/uncomfortable shoes;
• wearing shoes without socks;
• Poor drinking habits, dehydration;
• Inadequate care of foot skin at home;
• Improper treatment (both at home and in the hairdressing salon);
• Constant overuse of certain areas of the foot;
• Regular overuse of the feet (dancing, sports, standing work);
• Avitaminosis (especially lack of iron, vitamins A and E);
• diabetes;
• hormonal disorders;
• Frequent use of harsh cleaning products.

It is possible to correct the problem from the aesthetic side, but for a comprehensive diagnosis it is advisable to consult a doctor: dermatologists, endocrinologists, therapists, orthopedists.

Foot care at home ↑ Foot care

A correct and regular home pedicure is essential to maintain beautiful and healthy feet. So what tools and products can help you with foot care?

Heel files (or rubber files)

These are tools that help remove rough skin on the feet. They differ in how they work (mechanical or electrical) and in the type of abrasive used (sandpaper, laser, pumice, diamond or ceramic).

The quickest and easiest method is this electric 'roller' file. How it works is simple: the sanding roller rotates at high speed to remove the calloused skin on the feet. High quality files have a diamond coating on the roller to resist abrasion and the rotation speed is adjustable. The effect of the files is similar to a pedicure in the salon.

Mechanical files also have some advantages: they are inexpensive, require no consumables and are moisture-resistant. Mechanical files include:

• Pumice – a hypoallergenic, porous material. Pumice stone can be natural or synthetic and both are equally effective at removing dead skin;
• Emery board – a wooden or plastic spatula with sandpaper glued to it. They can be disposable or reusable files. Reusable files are sold as consumables: sandpaper sheets that can be replaced as they wear out;
• Ceramic nail file - it is almost the same as a sandpaper file, except that the work surface is coated with a layer of hard powder such as diamond, sapphire or ruby;
• Laser Foot File – This is a state of the art pedicure product. It uses a laser to create small grooves in stainless steel that remove dead skin cells.

ICD-10

The incidence of plantar warts in childhood is 7-10 %, with the highest incidence occurring in middle school and adolescence. Warts are extremely rare in infancy and toddlerhood. Modern pediatrics has developed various methods of treatment for the disease, but they do not give a 100% effect and cannot exclude the risk of relapse, which explains the high clinical importance of papillomas in children.

causes

The disease is caused by an infectious pathogen, the human papillomavirus. There are more than 120 variants of the papillomavirus, but plantar warts occur primarily in infections with HPV type 1 (mupapillomavirus), type 2 (alphapillomavirus), and type 4 (gammapillomavirus). The germ contains DNA and belongs to the papovirus family.

The infection is facilitated by micro-injuries to the skin of the soles of the feet, through which the pathogen easily penetrates into the lower layers of the epidermis. The trigger for the development of warts are all causes that reduce the natural immunity. Increased and recurrent forms of genital warts are more likely to occur in children with congenital immunodeficiencies and chronic somatic diseases, as well as in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment.

symptoms

The pathology is characterized by an asymptomatic course. There is no clear clinical picture, even with complete fusion. Increased symptoms occur with genital contact - during hygiene measures, when starting to urinate.

In a girl, the synechiae can manifest itself as follows

• The child complains of painful sensations when washing;
• Urination is difficult;
• The child moans and pushes hard before urinating;
• There is periodic involuntary loss of urine;
• Redness and swelling around the labia minora;
• There is a mucous discharge from the genital tract;
• When you urinate, the stream flows upwards instead of downwards;
• The child constantly touches the genitals.

In infants, it is difficult to identify the problem because the child cannot yet say what is bothering him. Typically, the infant becomes more restless, cries a lot, and grunts before urinating. When an infection is present, these symptoms worsen.

What is the risk?

Glued labia are not seriously harmful to a girl's health. However, the problem should not be ignored. The consequences of pathology can be as follows:

• When the entrance to the vagina is blocked, a favorable environment is created for the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, which can lead to infection of the internal genitals and the development of complications in the future;
• During the growth of the genitals, irreversible anatomical changes occur, which can later lead to complications in the girl;
• The enlargement of the adjacent labia leads to deformation of the perineum, which can later lead to problems with conception and childbirth.

The danger of pathology is that it occurs again and again. Even after treatment, the girl remains at risk. The child's parents must constantly monitor the condition of the perineum and take preventive measures.

Effects of nutrition and gastrointestinal function

Scaly skin on the feet and legs is often caused by an unbalanced diet and a lack of vitamins A and E. This is the most common and relatively harmless cause. Vitamins A and E are involved in skin regeneration. Deficiency symptoms are common in winter and spring. Scaly feet are accompanied by brittle nails and hair loss.

If vitamin deficiency is the cause, you should give your child more fruits, red, yellow and orange vegetables, nuts and vegetable oils to eat. Make sure the diet is complete and contains all the necessary vitamins and minerals, especially in the cold season. In severe cases, when changing the diet does not help, the pediatrician prescribes a complex of vitamins and minerals. Vitamins can be applied topically in the form of creams or oil-infused solutions.

In order for vitamins and other nutrients to be properly absorbed, it is important that the digestive tract works well. If a child has dry feet, the cause may be an imbalance in the intestinal microflora due to antibiotics or other factors, worm infections. Avitaminosis can also be caused by pancreatic disease. Insufficient production of enzymes leads to a deficiency of vitamins, proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

What diseases can cause scaly feet?

Scaly skin can be a symptom or a consequence of certain infectious diseases or hereditary dermatological diseases.

Viral infections

It is not uncommon for a child to have flaky skin on their feet due to an enteroviral infection. These are quite common and account for more than 30 % of all acute respiratory infections in children. They are sometimes accompanied by a rash on various parts of the body. Pink or red spots initially appear. Later, the skin begins to peel and fall off. Symptoms of infection: fever up to 38.5 - 40°C for 2-3 days, muscle pain, sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea.

Scarlet fever

A child who has recently had scarlet fever may contract it. It is a bacterial infection. The pathogen is the hemolytic streptococcus.

• Fever;
• a fine patchy rash on the body, located on the cheeks, groin, sides of the torso, crooks of the arms and legs;
• acute tonsillitis;
• Bright red, purple, granular tongue.

Two weeks after the scarlet rash disappears, the parents notice that the child's feet and hands are becoming hairy. It begins at the fingertips and disappears spontaneously without further treatment.

fungal infection

A fungal infection can cause the skin on the child's feet to begin to peel. Symptoms include an unpleasant odor, itching, scaling and redness. If your child goes to the swimming pool, likes to go barefoot, try on other people's shoes and often sweats on their feet, this possibility should not be ruled out.

Treating ringworm requires the help of a professional dermatologist or podiatrist. The doctor will treat the feet and prescribe ointments or creams with antifungal effects.

Peeling skin syndrome

This is a rare, genetic disease. Symptoms of peeling skin appear soon after birth but can also occur later in life. The main symptom is painless scaling of the skin on the hands and feet, possibly with itching and redness. The condition worsens upon contact with water, sweat, heat, or friction.

Treatment options for infants

Infant foot care includes water hygiene treatments and nail trimming. The nail plates of newborns are very thin and sharp-edged. If the growing edges of the nails are not trimmed, the toddler may accidentally scratch themselves. That's why it's important to start cutting your baby's nails as early as possible. The sooner the child gets used to this manipulation, the less inconvenience he will experience during subsequent care procedures.

The child should have a separate manicure and pedicure set. The tools should be treated with an antiseptic before each use. It is not advisable to cut your nails immediately after bathing, as the moisture loosens and swells the skin on your fingers. This means that the boundary between the nail plate and the finger is difficult to see and the nail can be accidentally cut until it bleeds. It is best to trim your child's nails 20-30 minutes after bathing.

The nails should be cut very carefully and parallel to the fingertip using special nail scissors. The cuts must be straight, without curves (otherwise the nail can grow into the skin). Carefully trim the sharp corners of the nails with children's nail scissors. Small imperfections can be smoothed out with a soft nail file.

A few simple tips can help parents optimize the cutting of their child's nails:

• If possible, carry out the procedure with two people (one person holds the toddler's foot and, if necessary, distracts him from his feet, while the other person trims the child's nails).
• Before cutting nails, it is best to place the child on his stomach (in this position he is less active).
• Try trimming your child's nails while he or she is sleeping. The most important thing is to proceed slowly and carefully so that the child does not feel any discomfort.

Causes of cold extremities

• Diabetes mellitus with damage to small and large vessels, their fragility and tendency to form blood clots, usually in the later stages before the development of diabetic foot;
• Raynaud's disease in vascular neuropathy, which causes severe contraction of small arteries and intolerance to cold temperatures;
• Obliterative arteritis with obstruction of blood supply to the extremities due to narrowing of the artery lumen or thrombosis;
• Anemia with low hemoglobin, impaired tissue oxygenation and reduced metabolism and heat production;
• vegetative dystonia, which primarily affects young people in their 20s and 30s;
• venous congestion, which can cause swelling and pain at night and, if left untreated for a long time, thrombosis or inflammation of the vein walls;
• High blood pressure, in which blood vessels narrow, or abnormally low blood pressure, in which blood flow to the extremities is reduced.

Nonvascular causes of cold feet and hands include:

• age-related changes after age 50 with hormonal surges, reduced muscle mass and immunity;
• Underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) – damage to the thyroid gland, resulting in slower metabolism and heat exchange in the body;
• atopic dermatitis in childhood, leading to chronic allergic symptoms and autonomic dysfunction
• Circulatory insufficiency, in which the coldness of the limbs is accompanied by pallor or blueness of the limbs
• Changes in peripheral nerves – lumbar, sciatic nerves, etc.;
• Infestation with worms and other parasites that release toxins and cause vascular spasms.

Read about it in the article.

Types of cold limbs

We divide cold feet and hands into the following types of cold feet and hands depending on the cause:

Physiological cold

Coldness in the extremities can occur after a long stay outdoors in cold weather or in a cold room. If the cold lasts for a long time, it can be caused by:

• a sedentary lifestyle, i.e. sitting in the same position for long periods of time, e.g. B. with legs drawn up or hands on a computer keyboard;
• Frostbite of the limbs, which requires some time to recover from the interruption of blood supply to the tissues;
• restricted diet, hunger and the resulting lack of nutrients in the body;
• taking certain medications such as anaprilin and other beta-adrenergic receptor blockers, ergot preparations;
• disruption of the daily rhythm of life;

Abuse of cigarettes and other bad habits.

Unusual cold

It occurs in response to thyroid, vascular, nervous and other diseases and pathologies. It lasts a long time and does not disappear when you dress warmly, drink a hot drink or enter a warm room. It requires medical attention because it is not an isolated problem but a symptom of a disease.

First symptoms: what should you pay attention to?

In most cases, symptoms of keratoderma appear at a young age, before the child even begins to walk. However, there is no strict age limit: researchers have described initial episodes in elementary school children and even teenagers.

Stress, trauma, infectious diseases or puberty can trigger the activation of the pathological process.

A distinctive feature of palmar keratoderma is a significant thickening of the skin on the feet and hands. The surface initially becomes bright red, an erythema that lasts for several days. Thick blisters covered with small keratinized scales form on their surface, and the skin becomes drier and thicker.

The rash can be very different. Some form a coherent and dense crust on the surface of the feet and hands, while others may resemble isolated islands of keratosis.

The process on the skin can dissolve either dry or wet.

• In the first case, the rough and dense crusts burst open and form deep and painful wounds. These cause discomfort when walking and prevent the child from living an active life.
• In the second case, the crust falls off completely, but an erosion remains in its place - an ulcer that can bleed.

Is eyelid keratosis dangerous?

Despite the unattractive external appearance of the hands and feet, palmoplantar keratosis is considered a relatively harmless disease. If the turbinates are not traumatized and are removed gently, there will be no gross scar in this area.

The main danger of the disease is the possibility of secondary infection. Erosions, ulcerations and deep fissures are entry points for various microorganisms.

Periungual and longitudinal keratosis also reduces local skin immunity, making the body particularly vulnerable to bacteria.

Staphylococcal and streptococcal infections - pyoderma - often develop against the background of hereditary skin diseases. They are accompanied by pustule formation and general symptoms of intoxication – fever, chills and deterioration in health.

Fortunately, palmoplantar keratosis in children does not lead to the development of malignant growths, as can occur in adult patients. However, experts strongly recommend regular check-ups to ensure that skin cancer is suspected in good time.

Early development of the child and his feet

All children are born with flat feet. That's a fact. They are not abnormal, nor are coordination difficulties, inability to control bowels and bladder, etc. The arching of the foot forms later, over several years, and is complete by the age of 11-12.

In contrast, all infants' feet are flat. Where a healthy adult has a groove, a small child's foot has the opposite - a soft pad of fat. This acts like a shock absorber in the first few years of life.

The formation of the arch of the foot begins when the child stands and tries to learn to walk. A lot depends on these first foot exercises, which is why caring parents do not neglect regular visits to the podiatrist.

Because this is where the difficulties can begin.

The fact is that there is no consensus among podiatrists about what parents can and cannot do to prevent flat feet. Opinions vary - from the age at which a child can stand on their feet to the right and appropriate children's footwear.

But a child is not an average size either. Each little person has their own characteristics, including heredity and character. There is no one size fits all, no one month development plan.

Parents must make their own decisions, in consultation with a trusted doctor, in an informed and reasonable manner. And then they have to follow the chosen path, ignoring the advice of a neighbor, Dasha's grandmother, Masha's colleague or an online friend with an overbearing nickname.

In order not to make this decision arbitrarily, you need to weigh the pros and cons and listen to the opinions of child development experts. And only then decide what suits your child best.

Early rise

Many mothers and doctors of the old school are sure that parents should not encourage getting up, trying to stand and walking before 9-10 months. In their opinion, the child's musculoskeletal system, spine and ligaments are still too weak and unable to withstand such a load. And the consequence of early standing will certainly be a curvature of the spine, legs and the development of flat feet.

There is some truth to that. But what about those whose babies have already taken their first steps at nine months? Should they be strapped to the bed in a lying position?

Proponents of the second approach argue that if the child begins to get up and stand independently, there is no reason to prohibit it. Because the body is ready for the stress it is looking for. Incidentally, this willingness has nothing to do with the size or weight of the child. And it has nothing to do with the future slimness of the legs.

This view is particularly represented by the well-known pediatrician Eugene Komarovsky: The child does what his body is ready for. Get up on your own - please, help him and don't interfere. But forcing and pushing a child to do something he or she is not yet ready for is unacceptable.

My first son was born very large, 4750 g at 61 cm. This was in Soviet times, when the child development program 'Swim Before You Walk' was at its peak. We taught our son to swim within the first few days of his discharge from the hospital. The result was that by the age of 5 months he was sitting up on his own, turning on all fours. At about 6 months, he stood up and held onto the crib. He practically didn't crawl and was already walking at just under 9 months old. He had no problems with his back, his flat feet, or his slender legs. He grew into a two meter long, slender beauty.

My second son wasn't taught to swim, but he was up and running at seven months and running like a rocket by age nine. His legs and spine were healthy.

Causes of flat feet in teenagers

• Uncomfortable but fashionable shoes that are the wrong size or of poor quality;
• Genetic abnormalities;
• presence of diseases, injuries;
• Permanent sitting position;
• excess weight due to diet and hormonal disorders;
• Too much strain.

It is advisable to carry out these exercises together with the child and to supervise them.

• Method 1 – Lie on your back and try to grab the left shin with the sole of your right foot and then vice versa. Repeat the exercise more than ten times.
• Variation 2 – stand with toes together, heels facing opposite direction, hands at waist. Lean on the outside edge of your foot and curl your toes. Repeat this about 20 times.
• Exercise 3 – Walk by lifting yourself onto your toes with each step. Repeat this more than 50 times.
• Roll: Sit in a chair and keep your back straight. Roll a ball or something else round on the floor, gripping the entire surface of the sole.
• Ship: Place feet together to form a boat. Hold for about 10 seconds, repeat 5 times.
• Bandit: Place a small towel on one side. Place a ball, toy, or other object on one side. Try folding the towel with your toes and pulling the item toward you.

This is very good for strengthening muscles and forming the arch of the foot.

Changing the program: What you need to change

After this diagnosis, many things need to be reconsidered. For example, you should not buy the girl shoes with heels and constantly make her walk in thin-soled sneakers. Shoes should also be changed more often as they adapt to the shape of the sore feet. This prevents progressive growth as it is almost impossible to correct after the age of 20. So if you are still wondering how to treat flat feet and whether it is worth it for children of 3, 4, 7 or even 11 years old - be sure to start therapy. The sooner it starts, the better.

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