Ellipsoid in knee osteoarthritis

After an arthroplasty, the massage treatment is performed after a rehabilitation period that allows the patient to stand up. This accelerates bone ingrowth into the artificial material of the prosthesis.

Physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment of gonarthrosis

Physiotherapy for gonarthrosis shows excellent results. The physiotherapy sessions support and improve the mobility of the knee joints, strengthen the muscles and relieve pain. The doctor prescribes physical therapy beyond the acute phase, but it is advisable to refrain from physical therapy during the acute phase and at the peak of pain. For example, many patients with osteoarthritis like to warm up. However, with acute osteoarthritis of the knee, an active warm-up may not be safe. Therefore, all warm-up treatments that are carried out at home must be agreed with the attending physician.

In addition to the general contraindications, any treatment may have limitations, so only a specialist can prescribe the appropriate type of physiotherapy.

The most common physiotherapeutic treatments for gonarthrosis

Patients with acute irritation or inflammation of the knee joint may benefit from cold therapy. These include cold lotions to take at home and using a cryochamber in a hospital.

Electrical currents prevent or delay the transmission of pain signals, stimulate tissue regeneration and improve blood circulation. One of the most well-known treatments in this field is treatment with the unique German Zimmer device for electrostimulation and ultrasound therapy. The doctor selects an individual treatment regimen for each patient. The low-frequency currents generated are transmitted via electrode plates, which are glued to the knee joint against the skin with contact paste. Electrophoresis helps target drugs by creating a drug depot in the joint tissue.

Acupuncture can relieve pain in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. During acupuncture treatment, which is usually carried out in a supine position, needles are inserted into the skin at specific points depending on the disease. The sterile, single-use needles are specially ground so that the patient initially only feels slight, sometimes even minimal, pain when they are inserted. After some time, a dull feeling of heaviness or warmth may appear in the treated areas. The needles remain in the skin for 20-30 minutes. Special stimulation techniques are used to achieve certain effects. The needles can be additionally heated (cauterization) or moved up and down. There are also other treatments that act on the acupuncture points. During acupuncture massage, the therapist massages the acupuncture points with his fingers.

MBST is effective in gonarthrosis. It can be used as a standalone treatment or in combination with other techniques. Many patients have avoided the surgeon's scalpel thanks to this innovative technology. The effect of the treatment is not immediate (several sessions are required), but lasts for several years.

Benefits and harms of cycling to bone and cartilage

The positive and negative effects of bicycle training for degenerative changes in the patellar meniscus largely depend on the type of training and the limitations to be considered. Positive effects observed with cycling training include:

• Increases the range of motion of the joint. Prevents the formation of deformities and other defects.
• Burns calories. Leads to weight loss, which is important for osteoarthritis sufferers because extra weight puts more stress on the knees and promotes disease progression.
• Strengthening of the leg muscles. It also helps reduce stress on the joint.
• Increases blood flow to the joint and adjacent soft tissues. It improves the metabolism of the cartilage surfaces and stops their wear and tear.

If negative effects appear with this type of training, then this may be due to an inappropriate mode of the current state of the joint. The following cases can occur:

• Cartilage erosion from overexertion late in the disease or too early in the postoperative rehabilitation period.
• Inflammation of the joint due to tissue irritation caused by abnormal exercise movements.

Why do my knees hurt after exercising?

Mild muscle soreness is a normal and common symptom, especially in untrained individuals. However, if you experience a stabbing or aching pain in your knee after exercising on any piece of equipment, there is cause for concern. The pain syndrome in these cases can have one of the following causes

• Excessive training that is not relevant to the condition of the knee. In this case, exercise in moderation.
• Training too long.
• If the patient starts exercising immediately after the injury or at too early a stage of rehabilitation.
• An inflammatory process caused by non-observance of technique.

Before you start training, you should definitely consult your doctor whether the training is suitable for the current condition of the joint and not exceed the duration and intensity of training recommended by your doctor.

If you feel pain when pedaling and there are no obvious signs of inflammation (swelling, hypersensitivity, localized fever), rub the knee with your hands until the skin turns red. The tissue will then be better supplied with blood and the pain should subside.

Bicycle simulator for hip osteoarthritis

For patients with osteoarthritis of the hip, a training device designed for exercises in a horizontal position is suitable. This ensures proper load sharing. As with knee osteoarthritis, the exercises can only be performed in the early stages of cartilage destruction. In consultation with your doctor, you can start with a horizontal exercise bike and then progress to a regular exercise bike, which should have a small pedal size and adequate range of motion.

After endoprosthetics

After a knee prosthesis operation, you can start training on an exercise bike after two months at the earliest. However, the timing, choice of device and dose of training are very individual, since rehabilitation can proceed very differently and is accompanied by various complications, including the need for re-operation. The exercise program is developed by the healthcare professional who cares for the patient. Patients who have undergone arthroplasty usually begin with horizontal variations of the device and short exercises lasting two to five minutes, the duration of which is gradually increased.

Principles of physiotherapy for osteoarthritis

An LFC session can include seated, standing, and lying exercises. The exercises should always be performed without pain, otherwise they can be painful. After each exercise, you should take a short break to avoid aggravating the symptoms caused by the intense exertion.

In order for physical therapy to be useful in the treatment of arthrosis and osteoarthritis, it is necessary to follow simple rules:

• Exercise regularly, ideally every day or even better a few minutes a day;
• gradually increase the load;
• move slowly, without sudden jerks or other 'stunts';
• If the injury is in a limb, perform the exercise with the sound leg or arm first, then gently move to the injured joint;
• Discontinue all physical activity during an aggravation.

Exercise allows you to improve muscle flexibility, maintain joint mobility, and lose weight.

Swimming for osteoarthritis!

Swimming is considered to be the optimal physical activity for patients with osteoarthritis. Movement in water causes less pain than on land. Circulation improves and muscles relax, reducing stress on joints. Experts recommend this sport for people with excessive body weight, which is always an additional triggering factor.

Sometimes the pain syndrome manifests itself not in an acute form, but simply with physical activity. If the doctor has confirmed that the cause of the pain is not an aggravation and has given the go-ahead for moderate exercise, they will also prescribe pain-relieving medications, such as: B. a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory gel is used.

It's not a good idea to cut out completely and stop all physical activity. Exercise therapy can help improve joint function and reduce pain. The most important thing is that you decide on it together with a specialist. It may be time to take more serious measures to treat osteoarthritis, such as: B. intra-articular injections of synovial fluid replacement or other measures to improve the quality of life of patients with this diagnosis.

Exercise therapy is not a panacea: osteoarthritis requires a comprehensive approach

General disciplines contraindicated in gonarthrosis

• weightlifting;
• bench press;
• athletics
• football
• volleyball
• basketball
• Hockey;
• Tennis;

1. When osteoarthritis occurs, knee movements should become more cautious and straight forward, avoiding repetition, jerky movements, and sudden impacts.
2. Care should be taken to avoid undue stress. Also, walking with arthrosis should not be extended for too long, as excessive stress on the joints leads to further damage.
3. Appropriate footwear should be selected that must be adapted to the respective training and e.g. B. cushions the landings.
4. A pre-workout warm-up is essential.
5. Stretching should be part of your workout. At the beginning of the workout, all muscles can be stretched, while warming up can only stretch the muscles involved in the workout. Stretching should begin with small amplitudes. This:

• reduces the risk of injury, increases flexibility of muscles and ligaments;
• has a massaging effect;
• promotes muscle flexibility;
• improves microcirculation and prepares blood vessels for exercise;
• After training, it helps muscles recover better;

1. Correct exercise technique is very important.
2. When training, do not forget knee pads and other orthopedic insoles.
3. The load starts with a minimum and should be gradually increased.
4. Don't do squats or deep squats.
5. Do not forget to adjust the diet as you increase the load.
6. There should be no pain during exercise.

Many types of sport are not only not forbidden in osteoarthritis of the knee, they are also strongly recommended by experts! People who already have knee osteoarthritis or knee pain, the chronically ill, the elderly and those who have not exercised for a long time should consult a doctor before engaging in active sports. Not only that, but some yoga asanas can make the situation worse. Therefore, before deciding on a particular type of physical activity, you should consult a doctor. The load should be gradually increased, the joint should not be overloaded, and painful sensations should be allowed. Even during remission, the permissible loads should not be exceeded.

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5 exercises contraindicated in coxarthrosis

1. Squatting with any amplitude.
2. twisting of the lower limbs.
3. Active flexion and extension of the limbs.
4. Sharp movements aimed at flexing the trunk.
5. Long walks.

Extend your arms to the length of your torso and slowly raise one leg at a time. Hold the legs in the maximum position for 10-20 seconds. This exercise is quite taxing on the hamstrings and glutes, so don't overdo it — it's performed once per complex.

Another variation of this exercise is to bend one leg at the knee, keep the other leg straight and fix the body position for 15 seconds. If you're not already receiving treatment for advanced arthritis, perform these movements dynamically.

Bend one leg at the knee while keeping the other leg straight, raise it, and hold this position for a few seconds until you feel sore. Repeat with the other leg.

3) Sit on a flat surface, e.g. B. a mat.

Stretch your legs forward and try to reach your toes in a few strokes so you don't injure your muscles with sudden movements.

Spread your legs slightly, lean forward slightly, and place your hands on your hips. Swing in different directions for 15-20 seconds. Four such approaches are recommended for the complex.

The optimal standing physical activity in coxarthrosis is moderate walking. This activity appears to put a lot of stress on the hip joint, but complete immobility results in permanent loss of synovial fluid and mobility in the joint, eventually leading to disability. Walking slowly increases blood circulation and improves muscle tone.

There are many techniques that have been developed for people with coxarthrosis. Gitta gymnastics, for example, consists of safe, low-amplitude movements and is recommended even for stage 3 coxarthrosis:

Can yoga help with coxarthrosis?

If dynamic exercises are contraindicated for you, you can turn to yoga. This technique is a static, slow and gradual movement that is still good for the body. The exercises and asanas strengthen the muscles, improve blood circulation and help the joints to recover.

Yoga can be practiced at any stage of hip osteoarthritis treatment, including after Noltrex intra-articular injection. This calm and steady exercise perfectly and without discomfort helps to restore joint function after the injection of the synovial fluid substitute.

Grab an exercise mat, sit on the floor, and do the following:

• Stretch out your legs. Bend a limb at the knee and gently lay it on its side. Slowly pull the toe towards the inner thigh. Stay in this position for a few seconds and then do the same with the other leg.
• Extend your straight legs to the sides. Gradually bend your back and try to reach your feet with your hands. The most important principle is that the movements are fluid and do not cause pain.

Unfortunately, physiotherapy alone is of little use. It is always combined with other therapeutic methods - drugs, intra-articular injections of Noltrex or hyaluronic acid, physical therapy.

What is coxarthrosis?

Coxarthrosis is a chronic disease of the hip joint, which leads to destruction of the cartilage, narrowing of the joint opening and limited mobility of the leg. There is a lack of synovial fluid, a specific 'lubricant', in the joint, causing the surfaces to rub and chafe, causing pain. Bony protrusions form on them over time. If osteoarthritis is not treated in time, it can lead to complete disability and disability.

Osteoarthrosis is caused by the following causes:

• Congenital dysplasia of the joint, which does not manifest itself as long as small loads are applied to the joint;
• intensive training in athletes, leading to premature wear and tear of cartilage tissue;
• Trauma and micro-injuries to the musculoskeletal system;
• any condition of the musculoskeletal system that leads to a pathological redistribution of joint loads.

Being overweight is a major risk factor, even for athletes.

How to suspect hip osteoarthritis

The first warning sign is hip pain after exercise. Do not hesitate to consult a doctor, especially if the pain in the groin spreads to the hip and knee. Very often inexperienced orthopaedists confuse grade 1 gonarthrosis with coxarthrosis, because the knee hurts in the early stages of hip arthrosis. That is why it is so important to visit a competent specialist and undergo diagnostics in order not to waste time.

Over time, after the initial pain, symptoms appear such as.

• stiffness in the joint;
• crunching when moving;
• Changes in gait (the person unconsciously twists the leg outwards and rolls from side to side - this condition is known as 'duck gait');
• In later stages, muscle atrophy of the thigh and shortening of the limbs occur;
• In the final stage, when the legs are fixed in one position, the femur is completely fused to the pelvis (ankylosis).

In the early stages of coxarthrosis, the knee, and not the hip, may hurt.

Aid in passive joint development training

In the early stages of recovery from injury and surgery, machines are used for forced or passive joint development. These are needed when a person is unable to bend or straighten a limb on their own due to pain or muscle weakness.

Kinetec' devices

These are the most popular devices for the treatment and passive development of joints. They are used to restore mobility after injuries and surgeries. They work automatically, forcing the limbs to bend at a certain angle. The movements are performed without muscle involvement. Since there is no body weight on the joint, there is no pain.

The simulator can be used lying in bed or sitting on a chair. Individual settings allow you to choose a convenient mode. With the Kinetec devices you can perform flexion-extension, adduction-extension, rotational movements and fixation in a specific position to stretch the muscles. These exercises speed healing and help prevent stiffness and contractures.

Exercises with Artromot

Use after injuries, operations and endoprostheses. Allows passive development of joints and restoration of range of motion. Artromot can be used in the early stages of rehabilitation as long as the patient remains in bed.

There are different types of bandages for the treatment of knee, ankle, hip, shoulder and elbow joints. These bandages can be used to prevent stiffness and are suitable for children over 6 years old.

The limb is fixed and the splint performs flexion and extension movements. Since the limb is relaxed, there is no stress on the joint and there is no pain. The degree of loading, the angle and other parameters important for the treatment can be adjusted with a hand switch.

Active joint training equipment

Active joint training is used in the rehabilitation period. With arthrosis, arthritis and other pathologies, training at stages 1 and 2 outside the period of exacerbation makes sense. After an injury or endoprosthesis, training can begin after 2-4 weeks.

The type of exercise machine for treatment should be selected according to the doctor's recommendation. The doctor takes into account the severity of the disease, the dystrophic processes, the extent of joint and ligament damage, and the intensity of the pain.

The most commonly used are exercise bikes and elliptical trainers. In the early stages of osteoarthritis, a stepper or treadmill with an improved cushioning system can be used. Treatment with physical activity can be started if there is no severe pain or inflammation.

In the first 2 weeks, the exercises should be short and of low intensity. It is better to train several times a day for 5-10 minutes each time. Gradually increase the load and exercise time. This is easily possible with modern electrical training equipment. After 2-3 months, training should be half an hour a day.

exercise bike

The easiest way to regain mobility is with an exercise bike. It simulates riding a normal bicycle, but is safer. If you choose the right model, pedaling will be smooth and stress on the joints will be minimal.

Such exercises activate blood circulation and metabolism, strengthen muscles and the circulatory system. This type of therapy is recommended for arthrosis in the knee and hip joints and after injuries. Smooth movement helps the joints develop after a long period of immobility or after endoprosthesis.

This happens both actively and passively. When one leg is straightened, the other leg must be bent.

The 4 best sports for osteoarthritis

If you played soccer or basketball before your hip osteoarthritis treatment, it's time to move on to more gentle physical activity. Again, you can get good athletic results if you want to.

Only give up running if you are significantly overweight. If you are overweight, you can choose Nordic walking, walking on a low-speed treadmill or elliptical walking. Exercise is a great way to prevent osteoarthritis and slow its progression. They improve blood circulation, eliminate stiffness, strengthen ligaments and activate the muscles around your joints. Over time, you will find that the range of motion of the affected joint increases.

Obesity is the only contraindication to walking with exercise in osteoarthritis.

You can ride a bike or exercise on an exercise bike at any time of the year as long as it doesn't aggravate your joint problems. Exercise strengthens the muscles of the thigh, shin and ligaments, improves blood supply and tissue nutrition. The most important thing is to keep the movements even and avoid excessive tension and convulsions.

Due to the gliding movement, the joints are less stressed when skiing than when walking. Skiing should only be done in good weather and on prepared, level ground with classic stride length. Skating (gliding forwards and backwards) is not good for the joints. The most important rule is: no jerky movements, no acceleration, no maneuvers and no potentially dangerous descents.

Cross-country skiing - yes! Downhill skiing - no!

Swimming is a great way to exercise the affected joint without undue pain as the water puts much less pressure on the joint. Depending on the degree of inflammation of the shoulder, knee or hip joint, the breaststroke, freestyle or backstroke style is chosen.

Which sports are prohibited in osteoarthritis?

Physical activities that put a lot of strain on the joint, jerky and sudden movements aggravate the condition. Therefore, these potentially dangerous sports should be avoided:

Compulsive exercise - activities that are repeated over and over again - are contraindicated for athletes with osteoarthritis. Axial and impact loads (running, jumping), large-amplitude movements, such as B. in martial arts, and the full extension of the knee joint are prohibited. Do not exercise if you are in pain of any kind or are putting undue stress on your joints.

Yoga and Pilates are great for osteoarthritis, with the exception of the knee exercises.

Disadvantages of training on an exercise bike

Improperly designed fitness programs that do not take individual body characteristics and health conditions into account can have the following adverse effects on the joints

Failure to follow correct simulator technique, cycling, or exercise that is not appropriate to the fitness level will irritate and injure joint tissues. Inflammation in the joint tissue occurs, which manifests itself as chronic pain. This pain severely restricts the affected person's mobility and prevents him or her from enjoying life to the full;

If the leg joints are already degenerated and subjected to undue stress, this can lead to the destruction of the cartilage tissue.

The following causes can lead to joint pain in the lower limbs after exercising on a fitness machine or while cycling

• Training too long. It is believed that 45-60 minutes of aerobic exercise is required to activate fat burning. In practice, however, it can happen that people who are overweight or low in fitness are not able to train for so long, so not only muscles, but also joints can ache after training on a stationary bike. Gradually increase exercise duration to avoid pain;
• Inappropriate training. Riding a stationary bike or simulator at too high a speed or doing interval training without proper preparation can adversely affect leg joints;
• Lower limb injuries. Exercising after a previous injury can worsen damage to joint tissue and cause uncomfortable pain;
• Inflammation of the joint tissue caused by improper technique on the exercise bike;
• Diseases characterized by degenerative changes in the joints of the legs.

Peculiarities of training on the exercise bike in joint diseases of the lower limbs

Many physical activities are contraindicated in joint diseases of the lower limbs. However, cycling and training on a stationary bike is a gentle form of exercise and, with the right technique and a well-designed fitness program, can also be used successfully in a fitness program for the following common joint disorders:

When training on an exercise bike with arthritis, the resistance of the flywheel should be adjusted. The resistance should be such that it takes a certain amount of force to turn the pedals, but does not require sudden pushing movements. The training can last between 20 and 40 minutes. However, if you experience pain in your hips and knees, you should stop training immediately. With arthritis grade 1 and 2, regular physical activity without vigorous movements stimulates blood flow to the joints, which has a positive effect on their mobility. However, for grade 3 arthritis, medical professionals still advise against exercise;

Doctors recommend that patients with osteoarthritis grades 1 and 2 exercise on a stationary bike in a horizontal position. The intensity of training must be individually adjusted to the functional capacity of the body, the severity of the disease and the possible risk of complications;

The type of training and the intensity of the load placed on the body during training depends on the type of arthrosis. For this reason, a fitness program should always be developed in consultation with a specialist. In some cases of arthritis, it is possible to combine cardio and strength training;

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