Bone cross sections of the foot

Suture of the plantar plate of the 'small' rays of the foot. Indications, technology
Cherevtsov VN, Protsko VG Brachymetatarsia
Makinyan LG, Protsko VG Demonstration of basic manipulation by the teacher on cadaver specimens
– Suturing the subclavian plate, demonstrating the benefits of the subclavian approach
Cherevtsov VN, Ketov MS
– Wilson osteotomy on the 5th metatarsal bone, variations
Ketov MS, Cherevtsov VN.
– Variants of single-stage corrective osteotomies on 'small' foot radii in cases of brachymetatarsia.
Makinyan LG, Mazalov AV
Carrying out cadaver manipulations on footprints and cadaver preparations under the supervision of teachers. Weil, Helal, Hohmann osteotomies, suturing of the sole plate. Mentors
Protsko VG, Mazalov AV, Ketov MS, Cherevtsov VN, Yakushev DS, Osnach SA, Gorokhov AV

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Table of contents

fracture
Types of fractures
Course speakers
Time schedule
Surgery of the forefoot.

fracture

$fracture$

A fracture is damage to the anatomical integrity of a bone. A bone can suffer partial or complete trauma.

Fractures in adults and children occur due to mechanical impact when the applied force exceeds the load limit of the bone. The most common cause of fractures is trauma. Congenital variants and pathological injuries to bone tissue resulting from secondary involvement in the pathological process are much less common.

Hand injuries have been shown to be the most common (followed by leg fractures). Bone fractures most often occur as a result of a fall, less often as a result of a direct impact or a traffic accident.

A fracture is characterized by the presence of a fracture line corresponding to the site of bone injury. Depending on the characteristics of this fracture line, fractures can be transverse, longitudinal (longitudinal), oblique, spiral or helical. The type of fracture can be determined through an X-ray examination.

X-ray examination is the most important method of diagnosis. In difficult clinical cases, a CT scan may be helpful.

If there is no displacement of the bone segments or if manual repositioning was successful, a rigid immobilization bandage is applied (conservative tactic). However, if the displacement is significant and manual reduction is ineffective, surgery is indicated for this fracture.

Types of fractures

Bone fractures are classified according to their extent:

Complete when the fracture line divides the bone into two segments;
incomplete when there are two fragments at one end of the fracture line and the integrity of the bone at the other end is intact.

Incomplete fractures, on the other hand, are divided into 2 subtypes:

Fracture – a minor damage to the bone caused by its collapse;
Fracture – an incomplete version of a fracture in which there is no collapse (may be marginal).

From a practical point of view, it is important to distinguish 2 main types of fractures:

closed when the skin over the fracture is intact;
open if the fracture is associated with a wound from which bone fragments can be seen.

Based on the location of the fracture line in relation to the joint, 3 main types can be distinguished:

diaphyseal – the joint is not affected, the bone breaks near the shaft (diaphysis);
epiphyseal – the fracture line passes within the joint, with the last part of the bone breaking (e.g. the ankle may be affected, etc.);
metaphyseal – the fracture line passes near the joint but outside the joint.

The complexity of the fracture, which determines the features of the treatment program, is different. Based on this criterion, 3 types of bone fractures can be distinguished:

simple - these are usually closed, incomplete fractures that do not cause complications;
Complex - the effect of the traumatic agent extends not only to the bone tissue, but also to the surrounding structures, in particular, internal organs and blood vessels can be damaged, which can lead to bleeding;
Combined - fractures are accompanied by damage to other organs that are not caused by the fracture itself (for example, damage to the thigh and rupture of the spleen - such an injury may be associated with a fall from a height).

Course speakers

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Protsko Viktor Gennadievich, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Arthrology, PFUR, Head of the Center for Foot and Ankle Surgery, Yudin State Clinical Hospital, Moscow, former President of RusFAS.

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Aleksey Vitalyevich Mazalov, head of FUTDOCTOR, orthopedic traumatologist, podiatrist. President of the Russian Association of Foot and Ankle Surgeons.

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Time schedule

Protsko VG (Moscow)
AV Mazalov (Moscow)
Ketov MS (Novokuznetsk)
AV Goroshov (Simferopol)
Cherevtsov VN (Krasnodar)
AW Kachesov (Novgorod)
DS Yakushev (Moscow)
Skrebzow WW
Osnach SA

Surgery of the forefoot.

Opening speech by the President of the Russian Association of Foot and Ankle Surgeons, who informs participants about the rules of the meeting
AV Mazalov.

Biomechanics of the foot. Methods of clinical and instrumental examination. Nosology. Nuances of clinical and podometric examination, pedobarography, individual foot insoles according to the Sursil Ortho method.
Taj AA Anatomy of the Foot. Important aspects.
Cherevtsov VN Clinical examination of the surgeon - basic guidelines, surgical approaches.
Cherevtsov VN, Mazalov AV Implants and instruments in foot surgery. Basic principles of access and osteosynthesis.
Mazalov AV Demonstration of the technique of making custom insoles by the teacher
Taj AA, Protsko VG.

Overview of types of 1st metatarsal osteotomy.
Mazalov AV, Protsko VG Sliding osteotomy of the 1st metatarsal, indications, nuances
Ketov MS, Protsko VG Nuances of techniques used in forefoot surgery
Protsko VG, Mazalov AV Demonstration of basic manipulations by the teacher on a cadaver specimen.
– Radical cheilectomy, SCARF osteotomy, osteotomy of the proximal phalanx of the first toe, classic technique.
Protsko VG, Ketov MS
– Slide down osteotomy.
Ketov MS, Cherevtsov VN
– Modified dovetail technique on a plastic model.
Yakushev DS Manipulations performed by cadets in the cadaver laboratory under the supervision of teachers. mentors
Protsko VG, Mazalov AV, Ketov MS, Osnach SA, Kachesov AV, Cherevtsov VN