ankle and ankle

The etiological substrate of obesity is either dietary - due to hereditary causes and lifestyle - or symptomatic - weight gain resulting from endocrine and other pathologies.

Ankle and Ankle - What's the Difference?

Ankle and hock - what's the difference? Every neurologist, surgeon, traumatologist, and other physicians who deal with lower limb musculoskeletal problems need to know this. To get an idea of the differences, one needs to understand the anatomy.

The site offers. reference information. Correct diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible . under the supervision of a responsible doctor.. All drugs have contraindications. Consult a specialist and study the instructions in detail! Make sure you make an appointment with your doctor.

What is the ankle?

The hock is the part of the hock that lies under the lower leg. It is located on either side of the Achilles tendon. It covers the entire area from the bottom of the calf muscles to the beginning of the feet.

Where it is located and how it differs from the hock

The hock joint includes the lower parts of the following bones:

Ankle is the popular term for the area of transition from the lower leg bones to the feet. In contrast to the hock, it denotes a further point, a stretch. The ankle joint is a bony formation of the distal part of the lower limb, formed by the union of bones and ligaments.

The word ankle does not appear in medical terminology, although it is used to refer to the area from the shinbone to the beginning of the foot.

Structure of the ankle (malleolus)

The ankle is formed by the fusion of the tibia and fibula with the ankle bone (talus). In the complex, this area is called the ankle. It performs movements in several directions.

On the outside is the joint capsule, which contains synovial fluid. This prevents the fabric from chafing during movement. The bands are used for maximum strength.

The inside of the ankle is covered by the deltoid ligament, which is divided into four parts that connect to the scaphoid, heel, and talus.

What it is for, how it works

This entity has the following main functions:

• connection between the foot and the lower leg;
• stabilization of the foot when walking, running and standing upright;
• Rotational and flexion movements of the ankle.

The working condition of the ankle is maintained by the muscles of the ankle. The individual extends and flexes the ankle area and performs rotational movements. When standing, the stable position is maintained by the ligaments.

Indications for ankle liposuction

Like most plastic surgery procedures, liposuction of the legs, including the ankles, is performed at the patient's request. The main indication is dissatisfaction with the aesthetic appearance of the body.

Ankle fat is removed when there are fat deposits that significantly deform the slenderness of the legs. There are many reasons for this:

• genetic predisposition;
• nutritional disorders;
• hormonal disorders;
• predisposition to physical inactivity.

All of these problems result in fat accumulation on the ankles, which is almost impossible to eliminate without surgery.

contraindications

The list of situations when ankle liposuction is not possible is quite extensive:

• any type of cancer;
• inflammation of the skin on the ankles;
• varicose veins;
• Severe blood clotting disorders (hemophilia);
• Pregnancy and breast feeding period;
• fungal infections of the skin at the surgical site;
• diabetes mellitus;
• Somatic diseases in the decompensated stage (heart and kidney failure, myocardial infarction, stroke and others);
• peptic ulcer disease.

Important! Ankle liposuction is not performed if the leg shape change is due to swelling, so it is very important to see a plastic surgeon for an initial consultation.

What are the causes of foot and ankle pain?

Foot and ankle pain can appear suddenly due to an acute injury or develop over time due to an underlying chronic condition.

There are several common causes of foot and ankle pain, including:

• ligament strains and sprains. A strain occurs when a muscle or tendon is stretched, while a sprain occurs when a ligament overstretches or tears.
• arthritis. Arthritis is a common inflammatory disease that attacks the joints and causes pain; the most common forms include osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Both types of arthritis can seriously affect the feet and ankles.
• tendonitis. Bursitis results from overloading the tendons, which causes persistent inflammation of the tendons.
• bursitis. Bursitis occurs when the tendons rub against the bursa, causing irritation and discomfort.
• fractions. A fracture occurs when excessive force or trauma is applied to a bone, causing it to break or splinter. A fracture of the foot or ankle can result in weeks of downtime to allow for proper healing.
• Tarsal tunnel syndrome (tarsal tunnel syndrome). Tarsal tunnel syndrome occurs when the tarsal tunnel is never compressed or inflamed. This nerve runs from the ankle to the foot.
• Lowering arch of the foot.. Your foot contains several tendons that work together to form your arch. When the tendons come together properly, the foot forms a normal arch. However, if the tendons don't come together properly, your foot will form very little or no arch at all. This is known as 'drop foot' or 'flat foot' and can cause pain or discomfort over time.
• plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of the connective tissue on the sole of the foot. It can be caused by overuse such as B. Standing, poor posture or shoes that do not provide adequate arch support.

Find relief from foot and ankle pain today:

If you are suffering from an acute injury or a chronic foot or ankle problem, you can contact Orthomedzentrum Simferopol now. Our experts will conduct a thorough assessment to determine the cause of your pain and then design a customized rehabilitation and treatment program for you.

This program consists of a series of specific chiropractic techniques, exercises and stretches to restore joint mobility, improve balance and strengthen foot and ankle muscles. 'The Orthomed Center will do whatever it takes to quickly relieve pain and improve circulation. We also assess and recommend lifestyle changes or orthopedic shoes to prevent new problems in the future.

What is the LPI used for?

The LPI helps to objectively assess the progression of arterial disease in the legs. In some cases, the LPI can be used to monitor the progression of the disease as well as to evaluate the surgical treatment performed.

The LPI is measured in the same way as standard blood pressure (BP), except that in addition to measuring blood pressure in the arms, blood pressure in the legs is also measured. To determine BPI, a special ultrasound device, a Doppler or duplex scanner, is used to accurately record blood flow in the arteries of the limbs. Blood pressure is measured in the supine position. When the cuff is compressed on the lower or upper extremity, arterial blood flow is stopped. As the cuff is slowly deflated, the systolic blood pressure is recorded as the first pulse wave travels through the arteries and used for the subsequent LPI calculation. In some patients, the arm or leg under the cuff may feel uncomfortable or painful, but these symptoms are short-lived. The duration of treatment is short.

To date, no harmful effects of ultrasound have been identified in adults. Using ultrasonic waves to determine LPI is completely safe.

How high should the LPI be and what values can patients with atherosclerosis have?

The LPI of a healthy person is between 0.9 and 1.2. Patients with lower extremity atherosclerosis have a lower LPI of +7 (812) 962-92-91 and make an appointment that suits you.

The surgical treatment is carried out in our center. Preparation for surgery includes a series of preoperative examinations. Please see the links below for a list of the tests you will need to undergo.

• List of examinations and tests required for hospitalization
• Preparing for surgery
• Preparation for the ultrasound scan
• Arrangements for hospitalization

Treatment of abdominal obesity

Treatment of secondary or symptomatic obesity requires identification and treatment of the underlying disease. In most patients, the condition is constitutional and lifestyle adjustments, such as changing eating habits and regular exercise, are important. The treatment regimen is developed by the endocrinologist individually. At the same time, the degree of obesity and the presence of serious somatic diseases (coronary heart disease, arthrosis, diabetes, etc.) are taken into account.

• diet. The basic principle of clinical nutrition is to reduce the calorie content of the diet: for women to 1200-1500 kcal, for men to 1400-1800 kcal. The consumption of fats and simple carbohydrates is kept as low as possible. Protein and fiber-containing foods are included in the menu. A food diary is kept for control purposes.
• Compulsory physical activity. The type of exercise depends on the general fitness and health of the patient. In case of severe overweight, walks are started, in the second phase, gymnastics and swimming are started, and in the third phase, medium-high intensity sports are introduced.
• Medical Correction. With severe obesity, ineffectiveness of the diet, the presence of complications that do not allow increased physical activity, drugs are prescribed. The treatment is aimed at reducing fat loss and fat absorption and increasing the activity of serotonin and adrenaline receptors (accelerated feeling of satiety, suppression of appetite, increase in heat output). Therapy includes HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), fibrates, ACE inhibitors. These drugs are only available by prescription.
• Bariatric Surgery. Surgical treatment is used for severe obesity related to eating habits, when there are no general contraindications to surgery. Positive results can be obtained with the creation of a small stomach, gastric bypass and bowel resection.

Prognosis for the treatment and prevention of abdominal obesity

Adherence to basic medical recommendations - diet and increased physical activity - helps control abdominal obesity in most clinical cases.

Prevention includes regular check-ups with an endocrinologist, a moderate diet and regular exercise. People prone to overeating need to:

• reduce carbohydrate and high-fat foods;
• increase the proportion of vegetables, fruits, lean meats and dairy products in the diet;
• do not eat 3 hours before bedtime;
• move as much as possible.

It must be stressed that obesity, including abdominal obesity, does not happen overnight. That is why it is so important that all steps in the fight against obesity are taken regularly, with the aim of maintaining healthy habits throughout life.

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